何以为爱尔兰：论爱尔兰文艺复兴中“爱尔兰特性”的论争与嬗变

发布时间：2018-02-24 11:26

本文关键词： 爱尔兰复兴爱尔兰性民族主义论争嬗变　出处：《武汉大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：爱尔兰复兴运动(Irish Revival,1891-1922)是19、20世纪之交爱尔兰历史上一次涵盖了政治、语言和文学的文化复兴运动,对爱尔兰国民性的塑造和后世文学创作具有深远的影响。由于爱尔兰民族在漫长的殖民岁月里逐渐丧失对自身民族身份的认同,陷入民族文化失落的困境,爱尔兰复兴运动应运而生,它主要担当起争取政治权利和重新找寻民族传统的责任,尤其是"爱尔兰特性"。而爱尔兰文艺复兴则是文艺领域的复兴,在其肇始之初就具有双重内涵:它既是文化文学领域的浪漫主义回归同时又是新一轮民族主义运动的狂热化。(阿贝剧院的前身)爱尔兰文学剧院以创作"凯尔特及爱尔兰戏剧文学"为宣言,是文艺复兴时期集大成的文学创作流派。然而在文化统一的期望破灭之前却难以避免与前者发生交集和论争。本文试图厘清文艺复兴运动期间"爱尔兰特性"的缘起和不同阶段的文学表达形式、文学中的"爱尔兰性"与民族主义甚至内部的共谋与冲突、后期内涵演变以及这一历史对民族文学创作的启示。"爱尔兰特性"从本质上来讲是一个不断演变的概念,受到文化民族主义和政治民族主义的双重裹挟,同时也留给文艺复兴作家们探讨和重塑的空间。就寻求"爱尔兰性"在文学作品中的表达方式而言,叶芝、辛格、海德以及格雷戈里夫人等作家分别从不同的层面进行了文学创作实践:如从爱尔兰西部、农民形象、民间故事中发掘素材、盖尔语化戏剧对白等。然而,"爱尔兰特性"在文艺复兴的书写中存在多维度的扭曲和变形,引发质疑:首先,英-爱作家的宗主国文化背景赋予爱尔兰本土文学的选题别样的视角;其次,推崇盖尔语复兴运动的叶芝集团却偏好采用英语作为创作语言而非盖尔语;最后,辛格"如实"还原的爱尔兰乡村场景引发了著名的"花花公子骚乱",这是两种文化对立的必然结果。基于上述的种种问题,在爱尔兰民族主义分子和复兴运动作家们甚至复兴主义者展开了激烈的论争。这一论争对爱尔兰文学的发展的具有导向意义。在文艺复兴运动中后期的爱尔兰,产生了以乔伊斯为代表的"去本土化"作家;以叶芝为代表的抛弃民族主义立场转向东方主义的作家以及以奥凯西为代表的质疑民族主义的新生代复兴运动剧作家。他们通过对"爱尔兰特性"的新一轮阐释,赋予爱尔兰文学新的生命,同时也推动了 "爱尔兰特性"在爱尔兰民族文学中的表达走上多元化的道路。
[Abstract]:The Irish Revival Movement (1891-1922) is a cultural revival movement covering politics, language and literature in Irish history at the turn of the 20th century. It has a profound influence on the shaping of Irish national character and literary creation of later generations. As the Irish nation gradually lost its identity to its national identity in the long colonial years, it fell into the dilemma of the loss of national culture. The Irish Revival Movement emerged as the times require, and it was mainly responsible for fighting for political rights and searching for national traditions, especially the "Irish identity." and the Irish Renaissance was a renaissance in the field of literature and art. It has two connotations from the beginning: it is not only the return of romanticism in the field of culture and literature, but also the fanaticism of the new round of nationalist movements. (the predecessor of the Abbe Theater), the Irish Literary Theater created "Celtic." And Irish dramatic literature, It is an intensive literary genre in the Renaissance period. However, it is difficult to avoid intersection and controversy with the former before the expectations of cultural unity are shattered. This paper attempts to clarify the "Irish identity" during the Renaissance. The origin and the forms of literary expression at different stages, "Irish character" in literature, nationalism and even internal collusion and conflict, the late evolution of connotation and the enlightenment of this history to national literature creation. "Irish identity" is an evolving concept in essence. Under the dual influence of cultural nationalism and political nationalism, it also leaves Renaissance writers room to explore and reinvent. In terms of seeking the expression of "Irish" in literary works, Yeats, Singh, Writers such as Hyde and Mrs. Gregory have carried out literary practices on different levels: from western Ireland, from the image of farmers, from folk stories, Gaelic drama dialogue, etc. However, the Irish identity has many dimensions of distortion and distortion in the writing of the Renaissance, which raises questions: first, The sovereign cultural background of Anglo-Irish writers gives Irish literature a different perspective; secondly, the Yeats Group, which promotes the Gaelic revival movement, prefers English to Gaelic. Singh's "truthful" restoration of the Irish countryside set off the famous "Playboy riots," a corollary of the two cultures' antagonism. There has been a fierce debate among Irish nationalists, Renaissance writers and even revisionists. This debate has a guiding significance for the development of Irish literature. In Ireland in the middle and later stages of the Renaissance, The author of "delocalization", represented by Joyce; Yeats's rejection of nationalism to oriental writers and O'Casey 's questioning of nationalism by a new generation of renaissance playwrights through a new interpretation of the "Irish identity," It gives new life to Irish literature and promotes the expression of "Irish identity" in Irish national literature.
【学位授予单位】：武汉大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K562.3

【相似文献】