不同羞怯水平大学生对面孔图片注意偏向的眼动研究

发布时间：2018-03-08 06:01

本文选题：羞怯　切入点：社交面孔　出处：《郑州大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：情绪是心理学体系中的一个重要成分,面孔表情的注意偏向研究是近年来情绪心理学中新颖研究。以往关于情绪面孔的注意偏向主要用于社交焦虑者、抑郁者、自闭症等特殊群体的研究,而羞怯是社交焦虑的一种形式,研究发现我国羞怯大学生在社会交往中的回避行为比较严重。目前,羞怯的研究大多数从行为测量技术和羞怯的认知及神经机制方面进行了探讨,并取得了一定的成果,但是有关羞怯大学生的性别方面的眼动研究较少。研究目的:本文在前人的研究基础上将被试的性别纳入研究的范围,使用眼动技术探索羞怯水平和性别对面孔的注意偏向的影响,以期发现不同羞怯水平者对不同效价的同性和异性的情绪面孔图片的注意偏向特点。研究方法:本研究共分为两部分:实验一采用2(羞怯水平:高组/低组)×2(被试性别:男性/女性)两因素被试间设计,以简单的社交场景图片为实验材料,中性自然风景图片作为对照材料。采用眼动技术探讨羞怯个体对社交面孔的注意,分析不同性别的高、低羞怯者对社交面孔图片的眼动注视特点。实验二采用2(羞怯水平:高组/低组)×2(刺激类型:积极——中性对/消极——中性对)×2(性别匹配:一致/不一致)三因素混合实验设计,以行为学的反应时和眼动指标为因变量,以期发现不同羞怯水平者对不同效价的同性和异性的情绪面孔图片的注意偏向特点。研究结果:(1)注视社交面孔图片时,羞怯水平与被试性别的交互作用显著,其中高羞怯男性的平均瞳孔尺寸大小(2641)显著大于高羞怯女性的(1879),高羞怯女性的总注视时间(966.88)显著大于低羞怯女性的(818.44);IA首视点持续时间和IA注视百分比(%)两个指标上,高羞怯者的显著大于低羞怯者。(2)注视情绪面孔图片时,行为学的结果显示,个体对积极面孔图片的注意偏向(28.76)显著大于对消极面孔图片的注意偏向(-7.72);眼动结果显示,高羞怯者对情绪面孔图片的总注视时间(822.64)和首视点持续时间(260.06)都显著大于低羞怯者的总注视时间(752.04)和首视点时间(230.94);个体对消极面孔图片的平均瞳孔大小(1836.31)和首视点持续时间(254.52)也显著大于对积极面孔图片的平均瞳孔大小(1723.45)和首视点持续时间(237.32);个体对同性消极面孔图片的注视时间(816.04)显著大于对同性积极面孔图片的注视时间(760.50)。研究结论:(1)在注视社交面孔图片时,高羞怯男性更容易被社交场景中的面孔信息所唤醒,对其存在注意警觉;高羞怯女性倾向于对社交面孔进行细节性和整体性的加工,存在注意维持。(2)在注视情绪面孔图片时,从注意偏向指标看,个体对积极图片存在注意警觉和维持,对消极图片存在注意回避。(3)高羞怯者对情绪面孔存在着注意警觉和维持;个体初期对消极面孔存在着注意警觉,随着时间的延长,个体表现出对同性的消极面孔存在着注意维持。
[Abstract]:Emotion is an important component in the psychological system. The attention bias of facial expression is a novel research in emotional psychology in recent years. The study of special groups such as autism, and shyness is a form of social anxiety, the study found that shy college students in social interaction in the avoidance behavior is more serious. Most of the studies on shyness have been carried out in terms of behavioral measurement techniques and cognitive and neural mechanisms of shyness, and some achievements have been made. But there are few researches on the sex of shy college students. Objective: based on the previous studies, this paper brings the gender of the subjects into the scope of the study. Eye movement techniques were used to explore the effects of shyness and gender on the attention bias of faces. The purpose of this study was to find out the attention bias characteristics of different shy level people to the same sex and opposite sex emotional face pictures of different titers. Research methods: this study is divided into two parts: experiment 1 used 2 (shyness level: high / low group) 脳 2 (by. Gender: male / female) design of two factors, Simple social scene images were used as experimental materials and neutral natural scenery pictures were used as control materials. Eye movement technique was used to study shyness individuals' attention to social faces and to analyze the height of different genders. The characteristics of eye movement and gaze on social face images in low shyness subjects. Experiment 2 was designed as a mixture of two (shyness level: high / low group) 脳 2 (stimulus type: positive neutral pair / negative neutral pair) 脳 2 (gender matching: consistent / inconsistent). Behavioral response time and eye movement were taken as dependent variables, in order to find out the characteristics of attention bias of people with different levels of shyness to pictures of the emotional faces of the same sex and the opposite sex with different titers. The results of the study were as follows: 1) when looking at the pictures of social faces, The interaction between shyness level and sex was significant. The mean pupil size of male patients with high shyness (2641) was significantly larger than that of women with high shyness (1879g), and the total fixation time of women with high shyness (966.88) was significantly higher than that of women with low shyness (818.44A first view duration and percentage of IA fixation). The behavioral results showed that the attention bias of the individuals to the positive face images was significantly higher than that of the negative faces images, and the eye movement results showed that, the behavioral results showed that the positive face images were more positive than those of the negative ones, and the results of eye movement showed that there was no significant difference between the two groups. The total fixation time (822.64) and the first view duration (260.06) of the high shy persons were significantly higher than that of the low shy ones (752.04) and the first view time (230.944); the average pupil size of the negative faces was 1836.31) and the first sight was higher than that of the low shy ones. The point duration (254.52) was significantly larger than that of the average pupil size of positive faces (1723.45) and the first view duration (237.32); the fixation time of individuals on the images of the same negative faces was 816.04) significantly larger than that on the images of the positive faces of the same sex. When looking at pictures of social faces, Men with high shyness are more likely to be awakened by face information in social scenes and alert to their presence; highly shy women tend to process social faces in detail and integrality, and pay attention to maintain. 2) while gazing at images of emotional faces, high shyness women tend to process social faces in detail and integrity. According to the index of attention bias, the individual has attention vigilance and maintenance to positive picture, attention avoidance to negative picture. 3) High shy person has attention alert and maintenance to emotional face, and individual has attention alert to negative face in initial stage. As time goes on, individuals show attention to the negative faces of the same sex.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B842.3

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