战国文字异体字构形研究

发布时间：2018-03-13 03:12

本文选题：战国文字　切入点：异体字　出处：《华东师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：异体字是汉字系统中是始终存在的,从商代一直到现代,在日常的书写以及雕版印刷、铅字印刷中,异体字都会或多或少地出现,甚至在计算机时代,它们也依然被储存在字库之中。从信息学的角度来看,异体字应该是多余无效的信息,对于信息的记载传播没有积极的作用。但是,汉字系统为什么会长期容忍异体字的存在,异体字的价值又应该如何评价,本文尝试从构形模式的角度探讨这一问题。本文所依据的主要材料是《战国文字编》、《上海博物馆藏战国楚竹书(一至五)文字编》及《清华大学藏战国竹简(壹一叁)文字编》中所收录的文字资料,从中统计出548个异体字字头和1386个异体字字形。从结构类型以及产生方式的角度,对战国文字异体字的构形进行了统计分析。战国文字异体字中结构类型发生改变的包括以下五种:象形变为形声、象形变为会意、指事变为形声、会意变为形声和形声变为会意。战国文字异体字中结构类型不发生改变的具体表现:在象形结构、会意结构以及形声结构内部进行调整。其次,具体分析战国文字异体字的产生方式,并在此基础上,分析讨论了战国文字中异体字中所体现的构形的多样性。在本文所分析的材料中,同一个字头在战国文字异体字中最多表现为8种构形方式,最少表现为2种构形方式。除此之外,本文还探讨了战国时期异体字的成因及其价值。汉字系统的表意性质、类化和战国时期汉字系统的不稳定都对异体字的产生有影响:汉字系统的表意性质对异体字的产生方式有较大影响;汉字系统的类化是异体字产生的诱因;战国时期汉字系统的不稳定造成大量形声结构的异体字。本文认为异体字丰富了汉字构形模式,扩充了汉字字形储备,为汉字的演变提供了材料和便利。同时,又间接地强化了汉字的表意性质。这是异体字的价值所在,也是它存在于汉字系统中的原因。
[Abstract]:From the Shang Dynasty to the modern times, in the daily writing, engraving printing, type printing, the variant characters will appear more or less, even in the computer age. They are still stored in the font. From an informatics point of view, variant characters should be superfluous and ineffective information and have no positive effect on the recording and dissemination of information. However, why does the Chinese character system tolerate the existence of variant characters for a long time? How to evaluate the value of variant characters, This paper attempts to probe into this problem from the angle of configuration model. The main materials based on this paper are the compilation of the warring States script, the collection of Chu Shu (1 to 5) in Shanghai Museum, and the compilation of the bamboo slips of the warring States period in Tsinghua University. (III) the text contained in the compilation of the text, From which 548 heads and 1386 heterographies were counted. From the point of view of the type of structure and the way in which it was produced, This paper makes a statistical analysis on the configuration of the variant characters of the warring States period. The structural types of the variant characters in the warring States characters include the following five types: the pictogram becomes the shape sound, the pictograph becomes the understanding, the other refers to the matter changing into the form sound. The concrete manifestation that the structure type does not change in the variant character of the warring States period: adjust inside the pictograph structure, the understanding structure and the shape sound structure. Secondly, On the basis of the analysis and discussion of the diversity of the configuration embodied in the variant characters in the warring States characters, the paper analyzes the formation of the variant characters in the text of the warring States period. In addition, this paper also discusses the origin and value of variant characters in warring States period. The classification and instability of the Chinese character system in the warring States period have an influence on the generation of the variant characters: the ideographic nature of the Chinese character system has a great influence on the way of the generation of the variant character, the classification of the Chinese character system is the inducement of the generation of the variant character; The instability of Chinese character system during the warring States period resulted in a large number of variant characters with shape and sound structure. This paper holds that the variant character enriches the pattern of Chinese character configuration, expands the reserves of Chinese characters, and provides materials and convenience for the evolution of Chinese characters. It also indirectly strengthens the ideographic nature of Chinese characters, which is the value of variant characters and the reason why they exist in Chinese character system.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H124.3

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