个体解释水平与情绪对道德判断的影响研究

发布时间：2018-03-22 17:36

本文选题：解释水平　切入点：空间距离　出处：《华东师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：道德判断是指人们依据一定的准则,对自己或他人的行为或特性进行判断的过程。在道德判断过程的理论依据上,相继有Kohlberg的理性模型,Haidt的社会直觉模型,Greene的双加工理论模型。三种理论模型在情绪和认知两者在道德判断的过程中作用程.度上有不同的看法。社会直觉模型、双加工理论模型均认为道德判断可能和抽象的道德准则有关,因此有研究者引入解释水平理论研究对道德判断的影响,但是目前研究结论并不一致。基于双加工理论,这种不一致的结论可能是被试在阅读道德事件时引起的情绪参与了道德判断导致的。因此本研究拟基于解释水平理论,探讨解释水平和情绪在个体对不同违规程度的道德事件做道德判断时的关系和作用机制。试图对已有的不一致的研究发现提供更合理的解释。本研究选择在校大学生为被试,共分为三个实验。实验一通过发放纸质问卷的方法,研究空间距离对不同违规程度的道德事件的影响。结果发现,对于低违规程度和中违规程度的行为,远空间距离的被试对于低违规程度和中违规程度的行为可接受程度高于近空间距离的被试对这两种违规行为的接受程度,即远空间距离让被试对道德判断的标准更严苛。而高违规程度的行为,不同空间距离的可接受程度差异并不显著。这说明,不同违规程度的道德情境可能存在不同的作用机制。实验二通过行为识别量表(Behaver Identification Form,BIF)区分高解释水平组和低解释水平组,并让被试对逐字呈现的道德情境做道德上可接受程度、情绪愉悦度、情绪强度的评分。结果发现,高解释水平相对于低解释水平的被试对违规行为的可接受程度更低,反应时也更小。而只有在高违规情境,高解释水平相对于低解释水平表现出更强的负性情绪。实验三同样通过BIF区分高低解释水平组后,使用情绪图片启动负性情绪,然后让被试对逐字呈现的道德情境做可接受程度的评分。结果发现,启动负性情绪的条件下,高、低解释水平的被试对低违规程度行为的接受程度差异显著,而高违规程度的行为差异不显著,反应时均不显著。结合实验二的结果可以得出结论,高解释水平的被试在阅读高违规道德情境时,表现出更强的负面情绪,该负面情绪也影响了道德判断。
[Abstract]:Moral judgment refers to people according to certain criteria, behavior or characteristic of their own or others' judgment process. In the process of moral judgment theory, the rational model have Kohlberg, social intuition model Haidt, model Greene dual processing theory. Process three theoretical models in moral emotion and in judgment both of the cognitive process. There are different views of the social intuitionist model, dual processing theory model that may be related to moral judgment and abstract moral principles, so researchers have introduced the interpretation of theoretical level judgment influence on morality, but the conclusions are inconsistent. The dual processing theory based on this inconsistency the conclusion may be induced in reading the emotional moral events involved in moral judgment result. So this study intends to explain the level based on the theory of interpretation and emotion The relationship and mechanism of action in the individual moral judgment of different extent of illegal moral events. Attempts to study the inconsistent of the findings provide a more reasonable explanation. This research chooses college students as subjects, is divided into three experiments. One experiment by issuing paper questionnaires, studying the effects of spatial distance on different extent of illegal moral events. The results showed that for the low degree of violation and extent of illegal behavior, far distance subjects for the low degree of violation and illegal behavior in the degree of acceptability is higher than that of near space distance subjects acceptance of these two violations, far distance to be test of moral judgment standard is more stringent. And the high degree of illegal behavior, different spatial distance the acceptability of the difference is not significant. This shows that the different degree of violation may have different moral situations The mechanism of behavior recognition. Experiment two (Behaver Identification Form, by BIF) the distinction between high level group and low level interpretation interpretation group, and let be tried to show the word moral situation to make moral acceptability, emotional pleasure, emotional strength score. The results showed that the high level of interpretation with respect to the low explanation the level of the subjects for violations of the acceptability of lower, less reaction time. But only in the high illegal situation, explain high levels relative to the low construal level showed stronger negative emotion. Experiment three through the same BIF distinction between high and low level group explained after the start of negative emotions using emotional pictures, then let the participants the present situation of moral word acceptability score. The results showed that negative emotions start under the condition of high and low construal level subjects low degree of acceptance of the illegal behavior of significant difference, and high There is no significant difference in the behavior of violation degree. The reaction time is not significant. Combined with the result of experiment two, we can conclude that the high interpretive subjects show stronger negative emotions when reading the high violation moral situation, and the negative emotion also affects the moral judgement.

【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B842.6

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