19世纪德国农村土地私有产权的确立

发布时间：2018-03-23 20:45

本文选题：德国　切入点：农村土地　出处：《天津师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：从19世纪开始,德国在政治、经济、社会以及文化等诸多领域均发生了较为剧烈的变化,并逐渐完成了从前工业社会向工业社会的转型,而这些都离不开农业经济繁荣的长期支持。作为农业经济繁荣的制度保障,德国农村土地私有产权的确立又可以回溯至德国在19世纪之前的农村土地状况,以及在19世纪上半叶的农村土地私有改革。本文围绕着德国以易北河为分界线的东部地区与西部地区之间的农业特征差异展开。绪论阐述了选题的意义和由来,以及国内外学者对德国农村土地私有产权的相关研究成果。第一章论述19世纪之前德国的农村土地状况,考虑到土地状况发展的连贯性,首先概述德国中世纪前期的农村土地制度演变,然后以15世纪农业危机为切入点,分析易北河以东地区和易北河以西地区在应对危机时的不同措施,继而区分这两个地区在土地状况方面的差别。第二章从18世纪在德国各个地区就业已开始的农业先期改革着手,加之以重要的政治改革和社会改革,从而对普鲁士以及除普鲁士以外的德国各地区在19世纪的进一步农业改革的过程进行论述,并尝试分析德国东部地区与西部地区之间农业改革的不同,进而分析这种不同对两个地区的农民阶层造成的影响,最后考察农业改革对农业社会经济的影响。第三章对一战前德国农村土地私有产权的状况按照主要社会群体进行考察,即贵族、农民以及资产阶级,为考察这三个主要社会群体内部的土地产权状况,则进一步划分这三个群体的社会阶层,此外,对这三个群体之间的联动也要予以关注。本文希望通过对德国农村土地状况、农村土地改革以及农村土地私有产权的探究,阐释德国从传统国家向现代国家转型成功背后的深层次原因,并力图对近代德国的社会发展有一个更加全面的认识。
[Abstract]:Since the 19th century, Germany has undergone drastic changes in many fields, such as politics, economy, society and culture, and gradually completed the transformation from the former industrial society to the industrial society. As the institutional guarantee for the prosperity of the agricultural economy, the establishment of private property rights on rural land in Germany can be traced back to the rural land situation in Germany before the 19th century. And the reform of private ownership of rural land in the first half of the 19th century. This paper focuses on the differences of agricultural characteristics between the eastern and western regions of Germany, which are divided by the Elbe River. The first chapter discusses the state of rural land in Germany before the 19th century, considering the continuity of the development of the land situation. This paper first summarizes the evolution of rural land system in the early Middle Ages in Germany, and then, taking the agricultural crisis of the 15th century as the starting point, analyzes the different measures taken to deal with the crisis in the areas east of the Elbe River and west of the Elbe River. Then the difference between the two regions in terms of the state of the land. Chapter two begins with the early reform of agriculture, which was initiated in various parts of Germany in the 18th century, together with important political and social reforms. The paper discusses the process of further agricultural reform in the 19th century in Prussia and other German regions except Prussia, and tries to analyze the differences between the eastern and western regions of Germany. Then it analyzes the impact of this difference on the peasant stratum in the two regions, and finally examines the impact of the agricultural reform on the agricultural society and economy. Chapter three investigates the private property rights of rural land in Germany before the first World War according to the main social groups. That is, the aristocrats, peasants and the bourgeoisie, in order to examine the land property rights within these three major social groups, they further divided the social strata of these three groups. This paper hopes to explore the situation of rural land, rural land reform and private property rights of rural land in Germany. This paper explains the deep reasons behind the success of Germany's transition from a traditional country to a modern one, and tries to have a more comprehensive understanding of the social development of modern Germany.
【学位授予单位】：天津师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K516.33

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