系统论视域下的人性研究

发布时间：2018-04-09 07:53

本文选题：人性系统　切入点：系统模型　出处：《太原科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：人性思想历来是中国传统文化的核心内容,它是对人自身本质的不同理解。近代以来,人们对人性的认识也注定摆脱不了与西方源远流长的诠释学和哲学的比较。然而,西方对人性的理解也不尽相同:从休谟的“人性论”到马克思的“人的学说”就有很大的不同。具体来说,14世纪开始欧洲掀起一股资产阶级文化思潮,主要是体现人文主义思想,提倡科学,肯定人权,反对宗教、神权,在一定程度上起到反封建的积极作用。但资产阶级对人性把握不够准确,仅仅谈到人类共有的人性。20世纪以来,关于人性问题的研究又有了新的发展,包括海德格尔对“此在和存在”理解的现象学、弗洛伊德的精神分析理论和马斯洛的需要层次理论,等等。由此可见,人性问题是一个永恒的哲学论题,也正是由于人性的过分复杂,用简单的线性方法对其进行研究是难以搞清楚的。这就需要在现代系统科学的基础上,运用系统论的思维方法建立系统模型来研究人性,只有这样才能较为全面地理解和解释人性,更好地塑造人的品格,指导人们的思想和行为。因此,论文在系统论的视域下展开了对人性的探讨。首先,对人性系统及其要素进行分析,提出了人性系统的多种模型,阐述了人性系统模型的建构过程及其特征;其次,论证了人性系统的等级性、二重性及其蕴含的知情意,强调了人性系统研究需要深刻把握的三大特征——整体性、层次性和动态性;最后,阐发了人性系统理论的现实意义:其一,个体的向往——求真·趋善·向美,其二,群体的追求——人·自然·社会的和谐,其三,人性的解放——自由·全面发展。因此,就需要善于抓住人性中“二律背反”的对称性机制,在求真趋善向美的过程中,充分发挥知情意的正能量,从而使人类迈向一个更好地未来。总之,“你,创造了你自己,也创造了世界与未来!”这一结论充分显示了在人性的发展中,个人的自由、修养与责任、担当的重要性,当一个人要追求美好的世界与未来时,他就要学会从自身做起,从身边的生活世界做起。因此“为人处世”这个中国传统的道德哲学而今有了新的解读,内容就是在新时代下人的自由全面发展。
[Abstract]:The thought of human nature has always been the core of Chinese traditional culture.Since modern times, people's understanding of human nature is doomed to compare with the western hermeneutics and philosophy.However, the western understanding of human nature is different: from Hume's theory of human nature to Marx's theory of man.In the 14th century, there was a bourgeois cultural trend of thought in Europe, which embodied humanism, advocated science, affirmed human rights, opposed religion and theocracy, and played a positive role in anti-feudalism to a certain extent.However, the bourgeoisie's understanding of human nature is not accurate enough. Since the 20th century, the study of human nature has made new progress, including Heidegger's phenomenological understanding of "being and being."Freud's theory of psychoanalysis and Maslow's theory of hierarchy of needs, etc.From this we can see that the question of human nature is an eternal philosophical topic. It is also because of the complexity of human nature that it is difficult to study it by simple linear method.On the basis of modern system science, we need to establish a systematic model to study human nature by using the thinking method of system theory. Only in this way can we fully understand and explain human nature and better shape the character of human beings.Guide people's thinking and behavior.Therefore, the thesis discusses human nature from the perspective of system theory.Firstly, this paper analyzes the human nature system and its elements, puts forward various models of the human nature system, expounds the construction process and characteristics of the human nature system model, and then demonstrates the hierarchy, duality and the knowledge and affection of the human nature system.This paper emphasizes the three characteristics that the study of human nature system needs to grasp deeply-integrity, hierarchy and dynamics. Finally, it expounds the practical significance of the theory of human nature system: firstly, individual yearning for truth and seeking truth for goodness to beauty, second, it explains the realistic significance of the theory of human nature system: first, individual yearning for truth and seeking truth for goodness to beauty, second,The pursuit of group-the harmony of human nature society, third, the liberation of human nature-free and all-round development.Therefore, we need to be good at grasping the symmetry mechanism of "two laws reciting" in human nature, and make full use of the positive energy of knowing feelings in the process of seeking truth and seeking goodness to beauty, so as to make mankind move towards a better future.In short, "you, created yourself, also created the world and the future!"This conclusion fully shows the importance of individual freedom, accomplishment and responsibility in the development of human nature. When a person wants to pursue a better world and the future, he must learn to start from himself and from the life world around him.Therefore, the traditional Chinese moral philosophy has a new interpretation, which is the free and all-round development of human beings in the new era.
【学位授予单位】：太原科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B82-061

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