奥巴马联大一般性辩论的批评性话语分析：及物性系统视角

发布时间：2018-04-25 01:27

本文选题：及物性 + 批评性话语分析　；参考：《郑州大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,公众话语中的意识形态研究逐渐成为语言学界关注的重点。自20世纪80年代以来,批评性话语分析(Critical Discourse Analysis)广泛应用于揭示话语符号背后的权势关系和意识形态,体现语言的社会实践性,从而建构权力和身份。及物性体现系统功能语法中的概念功能,可作为批评性话语分析的有效工具。本研究着眼于美国总统奥巴马在联合国大会上发表的一般性辩论,从系统功能语言学中的及物性视角进行批评性分析,旨在解决以下三个问题:(1)奥巴马一般性辩论中及物性系统是如何实现和分布的?(2)奥巴马辩论中及物性系统建构的权力和身份是什么?(3)权力和身份建构通过及物性系统阐释了怎样的意识形态意义?为回答以上问题,本研究以系统功能语言学中的及物性系统为理论框架,选取奥巴马从2009年到2016年发表的八篇一般性辩论,采取定量和定性的研究方法进行批评性研究。定性分析方法主要用于识别一般性辩论中及物性系统的实现类别。定量分析方法则用来统计及物性的分布情况。然后,本研究基于及物性的实现和分布,探讨了一般性辩论中建构的权力和身份。最后,结合具体的权力和身份阐释话语背后的意识形态意义。研究发现:1.在及物性系统的实现和分布上,奥巴马的八篇一般性辩论中共有六种及物性过程,分别是物质过程(46.55%)、关系过程(26.24%)、心理过程(17.65%)、言语过程(6.05%)、存在过程(2.98%)以及行为过程(0.53%)。2.在权力和身份的建构机制上,一般性辩论中的及物性共建构出两种权力及身份。其中,权力包括个人权力和国家权力;身份包括角色身份和群体身份。结合本研究语料,本文发现身份又可细分为八种:角色身份分为恐怖袭击的抵御者身份、民主党的领导者身份、世界事务的决策者身份及世界和平的维护者身份;群体身份分为宗教群体身份、人道主义群体身份、无核武器群体身份和无战争群体身份。3.在意识形态意义上,权力和身份相互交织,共同彰显出奥巴马在“推动世界和平,解决国际危机”主题下的意识形态,即以一种强者姿态拉拢同盟国家,解决与敌对国家的分歧,在国际上树立主导性的国际形象。本研究探讨了奥巴马联大一般性辩论中的及物性系统,从其建构的权力和身份层面揭示出奥巴马的对外政治主张,是对政治语篇批评性研究的有力补充。此外,本研究有助于读者把握演说者的政治意图,从而提高批评性阅读意识。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the study of ideology in public discourse has gradually become the focus of linguists. Since the 1980s, critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) has been widely used to reveal the power relationship and ideology behind the discourse symbols, to embody the social practicality of language, and thus to construct power and identity. It can be used as an effective tool for critical discourse analysis. This study focuses on the general debate presented by US President Barack Obama at the United Nations General Assembly and carries out a critical analysis from the perspective of systemic functional linguistics and transitivity. To solve the following three questions: 1) how does the Obama general debate and the materiality system achieve and distribute? (2) what is the power and identity of the construction of the physical system in the Obama debate? 3) the power and identity construction and the materiality of the power and identity construction What kind of ideological significance is explained systematically? In order to answer the above questions, the present study takes the system of transitivity in systemic functional linguistics as the theoretical framework, selects eight general debates published by Obama from 2009 to 2016, and adopts a quantitative and qualitative approach to carry out a critical study. The qualitative analysis method is mainly used to identify the realization categories of the general debate and the materiality system. Quantitative analysis method is used for statistics and distribution of physical properties. Then, based on the realization and distribution of materiality, this study explores the power and identity constructed in the general debate. Finally, the ideological meaning behind the discourse is explained by combining the specific power and identity. The study found that 1: 1. In terms of the realization and distribution of transitivity system, there are six kinds of physical processes in Obama's eight general debates. They are physical process 46.555, relationship process 26.2445, psychological process 17.655a, speech process 6.05g, existential process 2.98) and behavioral process 0.53 and 2.2. In the construction mechanism of power and identity, two kinds of power and identity are constructed in general debate and materiality. Among them, power includes individual power and state power; identity includes role identity and group identity. Combined with the corpus of this study, this paper finds that identity can be subdivided into eight types: the identity of the role can be divided into the identity of the resistance to terrorist attacks, the leadership of the Democratic Party, the status of decision makers in world affairs and the status of the defender of world peace; Group identity is divided into religious group identity, humanitarian group identity, non-nuclear weapons group identity and non-war group identity. In the ideological sense, power and identity are intertwined, which jointly demonstrates Obama's ideology under the theme of "promoting world peace and resolving international crises," that is, drawing together allies with a strong attitude. Resolve differences with hostile countries and establish a dominant international image. The present study explores the system of materiality in the general debate of the Obama General Assembly and reveals Obama's foreign political views from the power and identity level of his construction, which is a powerful complement to the critical study of political discourse. In addition, this study helps readers to grasp the political intentions of the speaker and enhance critical reading awareness.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H313

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