性别话语视角下中美主流报纸“第一夫人”形象塑造的对比分析

发布时间：2018-04-29 14:19

本文选题：社会性别理论 + 中美主流报纸　；参考：《浙江大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：如今,人们通过媒体来了解社会和世界。各种媒体中,具有真实性和严肃性特征的报纸成为评估不同社会文化的权威渠道。文章以"社会性别理论"为依据,选取《中国日报》、《环球时报》、《纽约时报》和《华盛顿邮报》四家主流报纸作为研究样本,对"第一夫人"相关新闻报道采用量化和质化研究、对比分析和话语分析相结合的方法,分析"第一夫人"新闻报道的现状,了解中美两国主流报纸中"第一夫人"形象的共性与差异,并挖掘造成这些异同背后的根源。本研究的主要创新之处在于把"社会性别理论"和"话语分析"的方法结合起来对中美主流报纸新闻报道中"第一夫人"形象的塑造进行对比分析,分析中美两国"第一夫人"形象的共性和差异,以及"第一夫人"形象和社会性别的相互联系,试图揭示形成这种异同的原因,并探讨如何才能实现真正的性别平等。中美主流报纸"第一夫人"形象建构有一些相同点和不同点。本研究的主要结论如下:第一,从总体上看,通过比较中美新闻报道两个语料库的字符数,发现美国新闻报道的文本长度大于中国新闻报道的文本长度。第二,中美主流报纸在建构第一夫人形象新闻报道的具体数量和比例不同,但是报道的比例分布相似。尤其是,强调第一夫人在政治舞台上作用的新闻报道数量最多。然而,强调第一夫人在其他领域中作用的新闻报道在数量和比例上相对较少。第三,中美主流报纸在建构中美第一夫人形象中有一些共同特点和不同之处。它们把第一夫人的形象建构成一个支持丈夫的妻子、一种软实力、一个关心教育和保健的人、一个独立和专业的人,和一个优雅、有时尚品味的人。但中美媒体建构的第一夫人形象仍然存在一些差异。即使第一夫人们在参加类似活动的时候,媒体塑造的第一夫人形象在某种程度上有所不同。例如,在描述第一夫人的女性特征时,虽然中美两国的第一夫人均有极好的时尚品味、在公共场合均举止优雅,但是大众媒体突出了中国第一夫人彭丽媛的亲切和美丽、她的个人魅力和具有中国特色的穿衣风格,强调了美国第一夫人米歇尔·奥巴马和南希·里根时尚而奢华的女性特征。本研究的结果有助于"社会性别理论"在大众传媒和政治领域的推广和使用,同时通过对中美两国"第一夫人"新闻报道的对比分析研究,有助于读者对不同社会和文化中"社会性别"的进一步认识,并对女性地位和性别平等进行深入思考。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, people understand society and the world through the media. Among all kinds of media, newspapers with authenticity and seriousness have become authoritative channels for evaluating different social cultures. Based on the theory of gender, four major newspapers, namely, China Daily, Global Times, New York Times and Washington Post, are selected as the research samples. The quantitative and qualitative research on the first Lady's related news reports is carried out. In this paper, the author analyzes the present situation of the news reports of the first Lady, understands the commonness and difference of the images of the first Lady in the mainstream newspapers of China and the United States, and explores the root causes of these similarities and differences. The main innovation of this study is to combine the methods of "gender theory" and "discourse analysis" to compare and analyze the image of "first Lady" in the news reports of mainstream newspapers in China and the United States. This paper analyzes the commonness and difference of the first lady image between China and the United States, as well as the interrelation between the first lady image and the social gender, tries to reveal the reasons for the differences and similarities, and probes into how to realize the real gender equality. There are some similarities and differences in the image construction of Chinese and American mainstream newspaper first Lady. The main conclusions of this study are as follows: first, by comparing the characters of the two Chinese and American news reports, we find that the text length of American news reports is larger than that of Chinese news reports. Secondly, the number and proportion of news reports in the construction of first lady image by mainstream Chinese and American newspapers are different, but the proportion of reports is similar. In particular, the first lady's role on the political stage was the most widely publicized. However, the number and proportion of news coverage that emphasizes the first lady's role in other areas is relatively small. Thirdly, Chinese and American mainstream newspapers have some common features and differences in constructing the image of the first lady of China and the United States. They build the image of the first lady as a wife who supports her husband, a soft power, a person who cares about education and health care, an independent and professional person, and an elegant, stylish person. However, there are still some differences in the image of the first lady constructed by Chinese and American media. Even when first ladies take part in similar events, the media portrays a different image of the first lady. For example, in describing the female characteristics of the first lady, while the first ladies of both China and the United States have excellent fashion tastes and elegant manners in public, the mass media have highlighted the kindness and beauty of Peng Liyuan, the first lady of China. Her personal charm and Chinese style of dress emphasize the fashionable and luxurious female characteristics of first Lady Michelle Obama and Nancy Reagan. The results of this study contribute to the promotion and application of gender theory in the mass media and political field, and through the comparative analysis of the news reports of the first ladies of China and the United States. It is helpful for readers to further understand the gender in different societies and cultures, and to think deeply about the status of women and gender equality.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H315

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