生存还是毁灭—萨特存在主义视域下解读《坠落的人》

发布时间：2018-04-30 00:35

本文选题：唐·德里罗 + 《坠落的人》　；参考：《内蒙古大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：唐·德里罗是美国当代最优秀的小说家之一。他与托马斯·品钦、菲利普·罗斯以及科尔梅克·麦卡锡并称为美国当代四大文豪。到目前为止,他共创作了15部小说,并因此获得了诸多奖项。他2007年出版的小说《坠落的人》是他最重要的作品之一。这部小说出版以来受到了国内外学术界的关注。学者们主要从叙事学、创伤理论以及现代性等角度研究这部小说。本论文运用萨特的存在主义理论对该部小说进行了较为深入的探究。从萨特的存在主义视角剖析这部小说的研究成果并不多见。这是本论文的创新之处。《坠落的人》被称为9 · 11事件小说定义之作。小说主要描述了 9 · 11事件之后普通美国家庭所经历的焦虑、虚无等精神方面的困扰。小说呈现出了 9·11后美国普通民众的生存状态。本论文首先从萨特存在主义的视角分析了小说人物所面临的生存危机。这些人物包括灾难幸存者,灾难见证者以及灾难制造者。论文还解读了造成他们危机的原因。他们的生存危机主要来自婚姻、家庭和情感,9·11事件是造成他们精神危机的主要原因。在面对这些生存危机时,他们表现出了不同程度的焦虑、过度敏感和恐惧等等情绪。这些情绪使每个人的行为变得异常。本论文进而探究了这些人物为了摆脱危机所做出的自由选择。最后,本论文得出的结论是:《坠落的人》展现了美国普通民众在911之后的迷茫、焦虑和绝望,同时小说也暗含了人们在绝望中寻找生存的意义并给人以精神慰藉。通过对受害者自我重建的分析,本论文试图探索9 ·11事件之后仍无法摆脱生存危机的普通民众的拯救之路。通过对恐怖分子在袭击之前的生存状态分析,本论文试图劝说人们忘掉过去的仇恨,开始崭新的人生。
[Abstract]:Don Delilo is one of the best novelists in contemporary America. Along with Thomas Pynchin, Philip Ross and Cormeque McCarthy, he is known as the four greatest contemporary American writers. So far, he has written 15 novels and won many awards. His 2007 novel fall Man is one of his most important works. Since the publication of this novel, it has attracted the attention of the academic circles at home and abroad. Scholars mainly study this novel from narratology, trauma theory and modernity. This thesis uses Sartre's existentialism theory to probe into the novel deeply. It is rare to analyze the research results of this novel from Sartre's existentialism perspective. This is the innovation of this thesis. The falling Man is called the 9 / 11 novel definition. The novel mainly describes the psychological problems experienced by ordinary American families after 9 / 11. The novel presents the living state of ordinary American people after 9 / 11. This thesis first analyzes the existential crisis faced by the characters from the perspective of Sartre existentialism. These include disaster survivors, disaster witnesses and disaster makers. The paper also explains the causes of their crisis. Their survival crisis mainly comes from marriage, family and emotional events are the main causes of their mental crisis. In the face of these existential crises, they showed varying degrees of anxiety, hypersensitivity and fear. These emotions make everyone's behavior unusual. The thesis then explores the free choices these characters make to get rid of the crisis. Finally, the conclusion of this paper is that the falling Man shows the confusion, anxiety and despair of ordinary Americans after 9 / 11, and the novel also implies the meaning of people's survival in desperation and gives people spiritual comfort. Based on the analysis of self-reconstruction of victims, this paper attempts to explore the rescue of ordinary people who can not escape from the crisis of survival after 9 / 11. Based on the analysis of terrorist survival before the attack, this paper tries to persuade people to forget the hatred of the past and start a new life.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I712.074

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