赖希式疗法与爱默生式超验：亨德森从异化到平和的精神之旅

发布时间：2018-05-05 01:26

本文选题：心理疗法 + 超验　；参考：《华东师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：《雨王亨德森》是索尔·贝娄最为精彩的作品之一,展现了作家丰富的想象力、对人之生存的深切关怀。本文致力借助赖希式心理疗法和爱默生式超验思想诠释主人公尤金·亨德森从异化到平和的四阶段非洲精神之旅:在美国对死亡感到恐惧,在阿内维部落试图充当死神来掌控死亡,在瓦利利部落直面、超验死亡以及在纽芬兰机场重生般的结局。亨德森在美国饱受与自我身体异化、与社会他人异化之苦,根源在于赖希所定义的"肌肉盔甲"与"性格盔甲"。另外,根据赖希的理论,亨德森的精神病症应该追溯到少年时期的精神创伤,而他的父亲确实在亨德森年少时诅咒过他、希望在胡闹中死去的是小儿子亨德森而不是大儿子迪克。父亲的死亡诅咒一直笼罩在亨德森的心头,何况又已年过半百行将就木,这一切使得亨德森活在对死亡深深的焦虑之中,因此,当有机会能让他暂时逃离这个令人窒息的地方时,亨德森毫不犹豫踏上了他的非洲精神之旅。在光怪陆离的非洲大陆,亨德森在阿内维部落与王子摔跤、觐见女王、炸毁水库,在瓦利利部落被捕、求雨、学狮、猎狮、逃亡。看似神秘离奇、不可思议的冒险之旅实际上是作家贝娄对赖希心理疗法的化用。因此,非洲之旅便如同一段疗程,一定程度上帮助亨德森缓解了与自我身体、与社会他人的异化之感,但遗憾的是赖希式疗法并没有直接回应."死亡"这一终极问题。字里行间暗含的爱默生式超验思想才是潜移默化之中帮助亨德森从精神上战胜死亡焦虑的关键因素,使得主人公最后与自己、与社会达到和解。小说末尾亨德森怀抱一个波斯男孩在机场雪道中奔跑,充满了平和的力量,给予了人物、更给予了读者以无限希望。本文主要分为四个部分。第一部分介绍了贝娄及其主要作品的共有特点(如主题、角色类型、叙事方式等)、《雨王亨德森》现有的国内外研究,有助于读者从整体上把握这本小说;第二个部分介绍了赖希式心理疗法和爱默生式超验思想中与该小说息息相关的内容,论证了从两个理论共同视域下阐释小说内涵的可行性和必要性;.第三部分篇幅最长,结合赖希式心理疗法和爱默生式超验思想,详细诠释了亨德森从美国、非洲到纽芬兰,从异化到平和的精神之旅;结论部分则简要概括了论文的主要思想,并说明贝娄通过在小说中化用赖希的心理学理论和爱默生的哲学思考,体现了他对现代人精神状态的关怀以及不同于现代主义荒原观的乐观人文主义精神。
[Abstract]:Henderson the Rain King is one of Saul Bellow's most wonderful works, showing the writer's rich imagination and deep concern for human existence. With the help of Reich psychotherapy and Emerson's transcendental thoughts, this paper attempts to interpret Eugene Henderson's four-stage African spiritual journey from alienation to peace: fear of death in the United States. The Anawi tribe tries to control death as a god of death, facing the Walili tribe, transcendental death, and rebirth at Newfoundland airport. Henderson suffered from alienation of body and society in America, rooted in Reich's definition of "muscular armor" and "personality armor." In addition, according to Reich's theory, Henderson's mental illness goes back to the trauma of his youth, and his father did curse him when he was young. It was Henderson, the younger son, and not Dick, the eldest son, who hoped to die in nonsense. The death curse of his father had been hanging over Henderson's heart, not to mention the fact that he was dying in the middle of his life, so that he was living in deep anxiety about death. Henderson did not hesitate to embark on his African spiritual journey when he was given a chance to escape temporarily from this suffocating place. In the grotesque continent of Africa, Henderson wrestled with the Prince in the Anawi tribe, saw the Queen, blew up the reservoir, and was arrested in the Walili tribe, seeking rain, learning lions, hunting lions, and fleeing. The seemingly mysterious, unimaginable adventure journey is actually a combination of Reich's psychotherapy by writer Bellow. As a result, the trip to Africa was a course of treatment that helped Henderson to some extent ease his sense of alienation from the body and society, but unfortunately there was no direct response from the Reich therapy. " The ultimate question of death. Emerson's transcendental thought is the key factor to help Henderson overcome the anxiety of death in spirit and make the protagonist reach reconciliation with himself and society. At the end of the novel Henderson embraces a Persian boy running in the airport snowway, full of peace and power, giving characters, but also giving readers unlimited hope. This paper is divided into four parts. The first part introduces the common characteristics of Bellow and his main works (such as themes, role types, narrative methods, etc.) the existing domestic and foreign studies in Henderson, the Rain King, are helpful for readers to grasp the novel as a whole. The second part introduces the contents of Reich psychotherapy and Emerson's transcendental thought which are closely related to the novel, and demonstrates the feasibility and necessity of interpreting the connotation of the novel from the common perspective of the two theories. The third part, which is the longest in length, explains Henderson's spiritual journey from America, Africa to Newfoundland with the combination of Reich psychotherapy and Emerson's transcendental thought, and the conclusion briefly summarizes the main ideas of the thesis. It is also explained that Bellow's concern for the spiritual state of modern people and the optimistic humanism spirit different from the modernist view of wasteland are embodied by applying Reich's theory of psychology and Emerson's philosophical thinking in his novels.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I712.074

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