动词隐含因果关系对代词解决的影响

发布时间：2018-05-12 15:35

本文选题：动词隐含因果性 + 代词解决　；参考：《郑州大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：代词解决是指当读者在读到代词时会利用上下文的信息为代词寻找一个先行词,从而完成代词的指认。在此过程中,影响代词解决的因素有两种,一种是句法因素,另一种是语义因素,即动词隐含因果关系。隐含因果关系是某些表示人际关系动词的一个属性,即动词隐含了动作对象的行为或态度的原因,该特征在代词解决中具有重要的作用。动词隐含因果关系对代词解决的时间进程问题一直是句子研究的热点,基于前人的研究主要有焦点假设和整合假设两个理论观点。不同的研究者以不同的语言为研究材料,其研究结果支持了不同的理论假设,以汉语为主要实验材料的研究并不充分,因此本研究在前人研究的基础上,继续探讨动词隐含因果关系对代词解决的影响,以及这种影响到底是支持焦点假设还是整合假设。本研究共分两个实验,实验一的目的是要探讨动词隐含因果关系对代词解决产生怎样的影响,该影响具体出现在哪个时间段。实验一采用行为学实验,随机选取了30名在校研究生参与了2(动词倾向:主语型动词/宾语型动词)×2(句子类型:一致性/不一致性)的被试内设计。研究结果显示:被试在一致性句子的反应时和阅读时间上显著快于不一致性句子;被试在阅读前半句时,一致性句子和不一致性句子无显著差异;被试在阅读后半句时,阅读一致性句子的时间显著快于阅读不一致性句子的时间。实验二的目的是要探讨动词隐含因果关系对代词解决影响的时间进程问题,是支持焦点假设还是支持整合假设。实验二采用眼动记录技术,随机选取了30名在校研究生参与了2(动词倾向:主语型动词/宾语型动词)×2(句子类型:一致性/不一致性)的被试内设计,通过让被试阅读关键句,在关键句上划分3个兴趣区,搜集被试的行为学数据和眼动指标。研究结果显示:行为学数据结果同实验一;在动词和代词处,都没有表现出动词倾向的主效应差异显著;在代词处对含有宾语型动词句子的总注视时间时间要显著快于含有主语型动词的句子,对一致性句子的回扫时间要显著快于不一致性句子;在句尾处对一致性句子的总注视时间要快于不一致性句子。由此得出的结论是:(1)动词隐含因果关系对代词的解决确实产生了影响,这种影响表现在被试对一致性句子的阅读时间快于不一致性句子的时间,即一致性效应,这种一致性效应出现在包括“因为”的后半句中;(2)相对主语型动词来说,宾语型动词所隐含的因果关系性对代词的解决具有更明显的作用;(3)动词隐含因果关系对代词解决的影响并不是即时发生的,而是一个延缓加工的过程,是在句末整合两个分句的信息得以生效,其结果支持整合假设。
[Abstract]:Pronoun resolution means that when the reader reads the pronoun, he will use the information of context to find an antecedent for the pronoun, so as to complete the identification of the pronoun. In this process, there are two factors that affect pronoun resolution, one is syntactic factor, the other is semantic factor, that is, verb implied causality. Implicit causality is an attribute of some verbs representing interpersonal relations, that is, the verb implies the behavior or attitude of the action object, which plays an important role in pronoun resolution. Implicit causality of verbs has always been the focus of sentence research on the temporal process of pronouns. Based on the previous researches, there are two theoretical viewpoints: focus hypothesis and integration hypothesis. Different researchers use different languages as the research materials, and their results support different theoretical hypotheses. The research on Chinese as the main experimental material is not sufficient. Therefore, this study is based on the previous studies. Continue to explore the effect of verb implicit causality on pronoun resolution and whether this effect supports the focus hypothesis or the integration hypothesis. This study is divided into two experiments. The purpose of experiment one is to explore the effect of verb implicit causality on pronoun resolution and the time period in which the effect appears. In the first experiment, 30 postgraduates were randomly selected to participate in 2 (verb tendency: subject-type verb / object type verb) 脳 2 (sentence type: consistency / inconsistency). The results showed that the reaction time and reading time of consistent sentences were significantly faster than that of inconsistent sentences, while in the first half of the sentence, there was no significant difference between the consistent sentences and the inconsistent sentences, while the subjects were reading the second half of the sentence. The time of reading coherent sentences is significantly faster than that of reading inconsistent sentences. The purpose of experiment two is to explore the time process of the effect of verb implicit causality on pronoun resolution, whether to support the focus hypothesis or to support the integration hypothesis. In experiment 2, using eye movement recording technique, 30 graduate students were randomly selected to participate in the interviewee design of 2 (verb tendency: subject verb / object verb) 脳 2 (sentence type: consistency / inconsistency), and the subjects were asked to read the key sentences. The key sentences were divided into 3 regions of interest, and behavioral data and eye movement indexes were collected. The results show that the results of behavioral data are the same as those of experiment 1, and there are no significant differences in the main effects of verb tendency between verbs and pronouns. In pronouns, the total fixation time of sentences with object type verbs is significantly faster than that of sentences with subject-type verbs, and the sweeping time of consistent sentences is significantly faster than that of inconsistent sentences. At the end of the sentence, the total fixation time of the consistent sentence is faster than that of the inconsistent sentence. It is concluded that the implicit causality of the verb does have an effect on the resolution of pronouns, which is reflected in the fact that the subjects' reading time of the consistent sentence is faster than that of the inconsistent sentence, that is, the consistency effect. This consistency effect occurs in the second half of the sentence, including "because") relative to the subject-type verb, The effect of implicit causality on pronoun resolution is not immediate, but a process of delaying processing. The information of integrating two clauses at the end of sentence is effective, and the result supports the hypothesis of integration.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B842

【相似文献】