文艺复兴时期欧洲教育世俗化转向

发布时间：2018-05-17 01:36

本文选题：宗教教育 + 人文主义教育思想　；参考：《天津师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：文艺复兴时期欧洲教育世俗化转向,也就是欧洲教育由中世纪的宗教教育到世俗教育的转折变化。教育的世俗化是一个动态发展的过程,和中世纪宗教教育不同,世俗教育是以脱离教会的控制为目的的。这并不意味着宗教教育的消失,在这一时期宗教教育仍然存在,但是宗教教育的减弱以及世俗教育的兴起、发展,两股力量的此消彼长甚至是它们之间的矛盾、冲突与妥协可以看作是教育世俗化的过程。目前对于这一问题的探讨,国内学者的研究主要集中在对文艺复兴本身或某一国家、某一地区的世俗教育研究中。国外学者尽管对文艺复兴时期欧洲教育的世俗化研究起步较早,但是研究的角度各有所侧重,且资料相对分散,少有把文艺复兴时期欧洲教育的世俗化转向作为专题来系统地探讨欧洲教育由中世纪宗教教育到世俗教育的转折变化过程。这为本文的写作留有一定的空间。本文通过对中世纪教育的宗教属性以及教会在教育中居于主导地位的分析,明确了中世纪时期教育的世俗因素的存在。以人文主义教育思想的兴起、印刷术的传播为切入,分析教育世俗化的背景,重点阐释了这一时期教育世俗化的趋向即教育目标与教育内容的世俗化、世俗学校的新发展,并对教育世俗化的社会影响进行总结。本文除了绪论和结语部分外,主体内容包括三章。绪论部分主要交代了本文的选题依据以及对于"世俗化"这一概念的界定,同时对国内外相关研究进行了梳理,明确了本文研究的基本理论方法。第一章主要探讨了中世纪时期教育的宗教属性和世俗因素。这一时期,教会在教育中占据主导地位,教育所培养的神职人员是以传教、布道为目的,因而这一时期的教育具有明显的宗教属性。但是这一时期一方面宗教教育本身有一些世俗教育因素的存在,另一方面在宗教教育的笼罩下,世俗学校崭露头角。第二章从历史史实材料出发,分析文艺复兴与欧洲教育世俗化的趋向。着重从教育出现世俗化转向的背景、教育目标与教育内容的世俗化、世俗学校的新发展等三个方面来探讨教育世俗化趋向。第三章基于对世俗教育所体现的世俗因素的分析,得出文艺复兴时期教育世俗化对社会的影响。主要从以下角度探讨:教育对象的大众化、民众识字率的提高以及教育世俗化趋势中的反世俗化力量。本文的结语部分对文艺复兴时期欧洲教育世俗化转向问题进行了归纳和总结。指出在社会动荡、分化的文艺复兴时期,教育经历着由宗教教育到世俗教育的转折变化并且呈现普通民众的大众化教育趋向,对当时社会影响深远。同时指出中世纪时期宗教教育存在的合理性,并且从总体上分析概括了文艺复兴时期世俗教育的特点。
[Abstract]:During the Renaissance, European education turned to secularization, that is, European education changed from religious education in the Middle Ages to secular education. The secularization of education is a process of dynamic development, which is different from that of religious education in the Middle Ages. This does not mean the disappearance of religious education, which still existed during this period, but the weakening of religious education and the rise and development of secular education, the rise and fall of the two forces and even the contradiction between them, Conflict and compromise can be seen as the process of secularization of education. At present, the domestic scholars mainly focus on the study of secular education in the Renaissance itself or in a certain country or region. Although the study of European education secularization in the Renaissance period started earlier, foreign scholars focused on it from different angles, and the data were relatively scattered. The conversion of European education from secularization to secularization during the Renaissance period was rarely discussed as a special topic to systematically explore the turning and changing process of European education from medieval religious education to secular education. This leaves some space for the writing of this paper. Based on the analysis of the religious attributes of medieval education and the dominant position of church in education, this paper clarifies the existence of secular factors in education in the Middle Ages. With the rise of humanistic educational thought and the spread of printing, the background of secularization of education is analyzed, and the trend of secularization of education in this period, that is, the secularization of educational objectives and contents and the new development of secular schools, is explained. And the social impact of secularization of education is summarized. In addition to the introduction and the conclusion part, the main content includes three chapters. The introduction mainly explains the basis of the topic selection and the definition of the concept of "secularization". At the same time, it combs the relevant studies at home and abroad, and clarifies the basic theoretical methods of this study. The first chapter mainly discusses the religious attributes and secular factors of education in the Middle Ages. During this period, the church played a leading role in education, and the clergy were trained for the purpose of preaching and preaching, so the education in this period had obvious religious attributes. But during this period, religious education itself had some secular educational factors, on the other hand, secular schools emerged under the shroud of religious education. The second chapter analyzes the trend of Renaissance and European education secularization from historical facts. This paper probes into the trend of secularization of education from three aspects: the background of secularization of education, the secularization of educational goals and contents, and the new development of secular schools. Based on the analysis of secular factors embodied in secular education, the third chapter concludes that the secularization of education in the Renaissance affected the society. This paper mainly discusses the popularization of educational objects, the improvement of literacy rate and the anti-secularization force in the trend of secularization of education. The conclusion of this paper sums up and summarizes the secularization of European education during the Renaissance. It is pointed out that in the Renaissance period of social turbulence and division, education experienced a turning point from religious education to secular education and showed the popular education trend of ordinary people, which had a profound influence on the society at that time. At the same time, it points out the rationality of religious education in the Middle Ages, and generalizes the characteristics of secular education in Renaissance.
【学位授予单位】：天津师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K503

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