黑格尔通向马克思的理论要素及其对建构马克思实践伦理学的启示

发布时间：2018-06-13 23:56

本文选题：马克思 + 黑格尔　；参考：《江苏大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：如果马克思哲学就是费尔巴哈唯物论与黑格尔辩证法的简单拼凑,我们就难以摆脱旧唯物主义或抽象人道主义的底层框架,我们所得到的马克思哲学难免成为机械论的形而上学。这根源于传统存在论把世界之外的存在作为世界的根据,导致了对真正的存在的遗忘。重新诠释马克思,需要返回黑格尔哲学。黑格尔的存在不再是超越性的他者,而是在历程中自我实现的。黑格尔哲学的真是融贯的意义网络,能够弥合主客体之间的分裂。黑格尔哲学的善实现了“是”与“应当”的统一,从而也实现了与现实的和解。辩证逻辑则弥合了本体世界与现象世界的分立。正是这些主要概念,成为其通向马克思的关键要素。通过这些理论要素带给我们的启示,可以更好地理解马克思哲学。黑格尔哲学的存在启发我们,马克思的存在论旨在把存在从彼岸世界引回人的现实生命的存在。黑格尔哲学的真则启发我们,马克思以生存的本真状态为符合论的真奠基。黑格尔哲学的善实现了与现实的和解,而马克思在感性活动中寻求善的实现。从黑格尔的辩证逻辑出发,马克思发掘作为生活内在秩序的生活逻辑。这四个方面都指向马克思的核心概念——实践。归纳黑格尔通向马克思的理论要素的启示,我们可以得出马克思哲学就是实践哲学。而实践哲学使物质生产活动纳入伦理活动之中,必然展开为实践伦理学。分析了实践伦理学的基础,即实践概念的内涵要旨,即实践概念的本源性、境域性、发生性、整体性和历史性。马克思哲学使人从实践中领会存在,可以得出实践伦理学的根本视角,即实践生存论。论述了实践伦理学的哲学原则,即实践哲学对理论哲学的超越,以及对真善美的统一。实践伦理学的革命意义即以“伦理学”作为第一哲学。实践作为人的自由自觉的活动,内在生发着善与价值序列,这是实践的伦理意义。人在感性活动中不但能够实现人与物的相互成就,也能实现人的自由解放,从而生发适宜的伦理关系,并联结为伦理共同体,为人的安身立命提供基础。
[Abstract]:If Marxist philosophy is a simple patchwork of Feuerbach materialism and Hegel's dialectics, we can hardly get rid of the old materialist or abstract humanitarian framework. The Marxist philosophy we have obtained inevitably becomes the metaphysics of mechanism. This is rooted in the fact that the traditional existentialism regards the existence outside the world as the basis of the world, which leads to the oblivion of the real existence. To reinterpret Marx, it is necessary to return to Hegel's philosophy. Hegel's existence is no longer the transcendent other, but self-realization in the course. Hegel's philosophy really melts the meaning network, can bridge the split between subject and object. The goodness of Hegel's philosophy realizes the unity of "is" and "ought", thus achieving reconciliation with reality. Dialectical logic has bridged the separation between the world of ontology and the world of phenomena. It is these main concepts that become the key elements leading to Marx. Through these theoretical elements, we can better understand Marxist philosophy. The existence of Hegel's philosophy enlightens us that Marx's existentialism aims to bring existence back to the existence of man's real life from the other side of the world. The truth of Hegel's philosophy enlightens us that Marx laid the foundation of the theory of conformity with the state of existence. Hegel's philosophy of goodness achieved reconciliation with reality, while Marx sought the realization of good in perceptual activities. Starting from Hegel's dialectical logic, Marx explored the logic of life as the internal order of life. These four aspects all point to Marx's core concept-practice. Summing up the enlightenment of Hegel's theoretical elements to Marx, we can conclude that Marxist philosophy is practical philosophy. But the practice philosophy brings the material production activity into the ethics activity, inevitably develops into the practice ethics. This paper analyzes the foundation of practical ethics, that is, the connotation and tenor of the concept of practice, that is, the origin, territory, occurrence, integrity and historicity of the concept of practice. Marx's philosophy makes people understand existence from practice, and can get the basic angle of view of practical ethics, that is, the theory of practical existence. This paper discusses the philosophical principles of practical ethics, that is, the transcendence of practical philosophy to theoretical philosophy, and the unity of truth, goodness and beauty. The revolutionary significance of practical ethics is to take ethics as the first philosophy. Practice, as a free and conscious activity of human beings, is immanent with the sequence of goodness and value, which is the ethical meaning of practice. In the perceptual activities, people can not only achieve mutual achievement between human beings and things, but also realize the free liberation of human beings, so as to develop appropriate ethical relations and form an ethical community in parallel, which provides a foundation for people to settle for their own lives.
【学位授予单位】：江苏大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B516.35

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