辽朝屯田制度研究

发布时间：2018-06-16 03:32

本文选题：屯田 + 契丹　；参考：《河北大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：辽朝屯田制度起源于辽太祖耶律阿保机时期。辽太祖在辽朝建国前夕率领战争中掠夺来的依附汉人在滦河上游所进行的屯垦便是辽朝最早的屯田。史书中所记载的“蕃汉转户”即是负责屯垦的屯田户,他们归于提辖司管辖,且需承担一定的兵役。辽太祖正是凭借着屯垦所聚集起的庞大人力物力,战胜了反对他的契丹贵族,开启了变家为国的序幕。自辽中叶起,伴随着辽朝生产力的发展,农奴制色彩浓厚的蕃汉转户制开始萎缩,史书中由此出现了很多将提辖司人户出籍为民的记载。辽太宗吞并幽云十六州后,营田制度传入契丹。由此出现了由此辽朝存在蕃汉转户制度与营田制度两种屯田制度并存的现象。这一现象的出现,是草原文明与中原农耕文明相互“涵化”的结果。两种屯田制度并存的现象一直延续到辽朝灭亡。辽朝军屯的出现,是游牧民族传统补给方式不能适应长期在固定地区镇戍的需要的产物。军屯制度在辽太宗时出现,并在辽朝中期成为辽朝军队的主要补给方式之一。辽朝补给方式的转变,是历史的进步,但也削弱了契丹军队的机动性,为辽朝晚期军事失败埋下了一定伏笔。
[Abstract]:The system of opening up farmland in Liao Dynasty originated in the period of Yeru Arbor of Liao Taizu. Liao Taizu, who led the war on the eve of the founding of the Liao Dynasty, took the Han people to open the land in the upper reaches of the Luanhe River. The historical records of the "Tibetan Han people" is responsible for the cultivation of farmland households, they belong to the jurisdiction of the Division of jurisdiction, and have to undertake certain military service. Liao Taizu, with his enormous manpower and material resources, defeated the Qidan aristocrat who opposed him, and opened the prelude of changing his family into a country. Since the middle of Liao Dynasty, with the development of productivity in the Liao Dynasty, the Tibetan and Han household system with strong serfdom color began to shrink. After Liaotai Zong annexed the 16 states of Yunyou, Yingtian system was introduced into Qidan. Therefore, there are two kinds of open farming systems in Liao Dynasty: the system of transferring households and the system of camping fields in the Liao Dynasty. The appearance of this phenomenon is the result of mutual "acculturation" between grassland civilization and agricultural civilization in Central Plains. The coexistence of the two systems of farming continued until the end of the Liao Dynasty. The appearance of military villages in Liao Dynasty is the result of the traditional supply way of nomadic nationality which can not adapt to the need of garrison in fixed area for a long time. The military-tun system appeared in Liao Taizong and became one of the main supply methods of Liao army in the middle of Liao Dynasty. The change of supply mode in Liao Dynasty was the progress of history, but it also weakened the mobility of Qidan army, and laid a certain foreshadowing for the military failure in the late Liao Dynasty.
【学位授予单位】：河北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K246.1

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