汉语比较结构中“还”和“更”的语义研究

发布时间：2018-07-12 14:16

本文选题：“还” + “更”　；参考：《四川外国语大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：陆俭明(1980)在《“还”和“更”》中最早提到了“还”和“更”的研究。陆俭明主要从句式“X比Y[]W”重点分析了“还”和“更”的异同。他认为,语义上二者都可表示程度增加。不同之处在于“更”包含递进发展的含义,而“还”包含转折变化的含义。随后,“还”和“更”在比较句中的研究日益丰富起来。主要焦点集中在三点:第一,二者的语义。“还”和“更”在比较结构中,都表示程度增加。第二,二者的预设义。殷志平(1995)、沈家煊(2001)、吕叔湘(2005)认为,“还”和“更”在比较句中的预设是标准比较项(Y)具有一定程度W。另一种观点,宗守云(2011)认为,“还”的预设与“更”不同。“还”的预设是“没想到Y W”。第三,二者的主观性。宗守云(2011)认为,“还”的主观性高于“更”的主观性。文全民(2008)则认为只有“还”有主观性。虽然汉语比较句中副词“还”和“更”的研究有了一些具体的语义分析,但是还存在一些分歧。经过讨论本文认为:第一,汉语比较结构中的“还”可以视为量级算子;“更”具有比较词素的功能。第二,本文通过预设测试证明了两者具有相同的语义预设。第三,本文阐明了“还”与数量词的兼容问题,为日后研究“更”与数量词的不兼容问题奠定了理论基础。“还”和“更”语义研究和二者的语义差异,使二者的不同分布可以得到解释,也丰富了“还”和“更”在比较结构中研究。
[Abstract]:Lu Jianming (1980) first mentioned the "Huanghen" and "Geng" research in "Huanhe" and "Gan". Lu Jianming mainly analyzes the similarities and differences between "Hui" and "Geng" from the sentence pattern "X than Y [] W". In his opinion, both can represent an increase in degree semantically. The difference is that "more" contains the meaning of progressive development, and "also" contains the meaning of change. Subsequently, the study of "Huai" and "Geng" in comparative sentences has become more and more abundant. The main focus is on three points: first, the semantics of the two. Both "also" and "more" in the comparative structure indicate an increase in degree. Second, the presupposition meaning of both. Yin Zhiping (1995), Shen Jiaxuan (2001), Lv Shuxiang (2005) thought that the presupposition of "Hui" and "Geng" in the comparative sentence was that the standard comparative item (Y) had a certain degree of W. Another view, Zong Shouyun (2011), believes that the presupposition of "return" is different from that of "Gan". The presupposition of "return" is "not expecting Y W". Third, the subjectivity of both. Zong Shouyun (2011) thinks that the subjectivity of "return" is higher than that of "more". The whole people (2008) thought that only "still" had subjectivity. Although there are some specific semantic analyses on adverbs "Huanghen" and "Gan" in Chinese comparative sentences, there are still some differences. First, the "return" in Chinese comparative structure can be regarded as an order of magnitude operator, and "more" has the function of comparing morpheme. Secondly, this paper proves that the two have the same semantic presupposition. Thirdly, this paper clarifies the compatibility between "return" and quantifiers, which lays a theoretical foundation for the future study of the incompatibility between "more" and quantifiers. The semantic study of "Huanghan" and "Gan" and their semantic differences can explain their different distributions and enrich the study of "Huanghen" and "Geng" in the comparative structure.
【学位授予单位】：四川外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H146.3

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