情绪语义与韵律的单侧耳优势及注意偏向效应研究

发布时间：2018-07-13 19:29

【摘要】：情绪作为人际交往过程中的一个主要因素,时时刻刻影响着人们的社会生活。对情绪的研究,尤其是近年来将情绪与语言结合起来进行研究一直是备受人们关注的话题。语言作为传递信息的重要载体,蕴含着丰富的情绪信息。语言的内容可以表明个体所要表达的情绪信息,称为情绪语义;语言的声调、音强、音频等非语言信息也可以表达甚至是决定了个体真正的情绪状态,称为情绪韵律。情绪语义与情绪韵律是判断词汇情绪信息的主要方面,对情绪语义与情绪韵律的脑加工机制一直是人们比较关注的问题,究竟是存在单侧耳优势效应即脑半球优势效应,还是存在脑半球之间的联合加工还未形成定论,同时个体对情绪信息的加工是否存在选择性的注意偏向也值得探讨。研究采用双耳分听的实验技术,在实验一中,控制了词汇的情绪韵律信息,采用三种不同情绪语义效价的词汇(正性、中性、负性)作为研究对象进行研究,自变量为音频的情绪语义效价和音频呈现的位置,因变量为被试选择不同音频的个数、百分比与反应时。在实验二中,对词汇的情绪语义信息进行了控制,选择语义效价为中性,情绪韵律效价为三种的词汇(高兴、中性、愤怒)作为研究对象,自变量为音频的情绪韵律效价和音频呈现的位置,因变量为被试选择不同音频的百分比与反应时。实验一结果发现:(1)个体对词汇的情绪语义信息进行判断时,选择左侧音频与右侧音频的百分比存在显著差异;(2)选择正性词汇的百分比与选择中性词汇、负性词汇的百分比均存在显著差异;(3)女性被试作出判断的反应时显著低于男性被试。实验二结果发现:(1)个体对词汇的情绪韵律信息进行判断时,选择左侧音频与右侧音频的百分比存在显著差异;(2)选择高兴韵律的百分比与选择中性韵律、愤怒韵律的百分比均存在显著差异;(3)女性被试作出判断的反应时显著低于男性被试。综上所述,研究得出以下结论:(1)个体对词汇的情绪语义与情绪韵律信息的加工均存在右耳优势,即大脑左半球在情绪语义与情绪韵律的加工过程中起主导作用,也就是说负责情绪信息加工的部位主要集中于大脑左半球;(2)在情绪语义信息的加工上,个体对正性词汇存在选择性注意偏向;在情绪韵律信息的加工上,对高兴韵律存在选择性注意偏向,即在不同效价的情绪信息的加工过程中,个体对积极情绪存在选择性注意偏向;(3)女性对情绪信息的加工识别速度快于男性。
[Abstract]:As a main factor in the process of interpersonal communication, emotion affects people's social life all the time. The study of emotion, especially the combination of emotion and language, has been a hot topic. As an important carrier of information transmission, language contains rich emotional information. The content of language can indicate the emotional information to be expressed by the individual, which is called emotional semantics, and the non-verbal information, such as tone, intensity and audio, can also express or even determine the real emotional state of the individual, which is called emotional prosody. Emotional semantics and emotional prosody are the main aspects of judging lexical emotional information. The brain processing mechanism of emotional semantics and emotional prosody is always a problem that people pay more attention to. At the same time, whether there is a selective bias in the processing of emotional information is also worth discussing. In the first experiment, we controlled the emotional prosody information of vocabulary, and used three different emotional semantic potency words (positive, neutral, negative) as the research object. The independent variable is the emotional semantic titer of audio and the location of audio presentation, and the dependent variable is the number, percentage and reaction time of different audio frequency selected by the subjects. In the second experiment, we control the semantic information of words and choose the words whose semantic potency is neutral and emotional prosody is three kinds (happy, neutral and angry). The independent variable was the emotional prosody value of audio frequency and the position of audio presentation, and the dependent variable was the percentage and reaction time of different audio frequency. The results of experiment 1 showed that: (1) the percentage of left audio and right audio were significantly different when individuals judged the emotional semantic information of vocabulary; (2) the percentage of positive words and neutral words were significantly different. There were significant differences in the percentage of negative words; (3) the response time of female subjects to judgment was significantly lower than that of male subjects. The results of experiment 2 show that: (1) the percentage of left audio and right audio are significantly different when individuals judge the emotional prosody information of vocabulary, and (2) the percentage of selected happy rhythm and neutral rhythm; There were significant differences in the percentage of angry prosody; (3) the response time of female subjects to judgment was significantly lower than that of male subjects. To sum up, the following conclusions are drawn: (1) there is a right ear advantage in the processing of emotional semantics and prosodic information of the individual, that is, the left hemisphere of the brain plays a leading role in the processing of emotional semantics and emotional prosody. That is to say, the position responsible for processing emotional information is mainly concentrated in the left hemisphere of the brain; (2) in the processing of emotional semantic information, individuals have a selective attention bias to positive vocabulary; in the processing of emotional prosody information, There is a selective attention bias to happy prosody, that is, in the process of processing emotional information with different titers, the individual has a selective attention bias to positive emotion. (3) the processing speed of emotional information in women is faster than that in men.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B842

【相似文献】