《兄弟》的幽默风格在德译本中的传递
发布时间：2018-07-29 15:33
【摘要】：风格的翻译是再现文学作品艺术魅力的重要因素。本文以《兄弟》的德译本为研究对象进行个案研究,探讨怎样才能最大程度地再现文学作品风格。风格到底能不能被翻译以及能被何种程度地翻译一直是翻译界争论的话题。本文比较了古今中外的学者对于风格的定义并研究了这些定义背后的本质,最终总结了"风格"所包含的三大要素,即:特定的语言手段,语境和效果。根据莱斯的文本类型学理论和德国科尔迈尔的观点,文学翻译的主要目标是达成美学效果的功能对等;这和风格的第三个要素"效果"相符。列维认为独特的语言形式所造成的韵律美和创新性正是体现文学作品风格的重要因素,所以在翻译文学作品时独特的语言构造需要被特别地重视;这和风格的第一个要素"特定的语言手段"相符。同时马克斯坦认为,文学作品中的话语总是带有更加丰富的语义,因此译者在翻译时需要认真的分析具体的语境,才能准确地传达出其联想意和隐含意;这和风格的第二个要素"语境"相符。结合上述理论和"风格"的三个要素,本文分别从语音(特别的语言手段)、语义(语境层面)和修辞(效果层面)三个角度对《兄弟》中体现风格的手段进行了分类,并选取了一些具有代表性的例子进行详细的分析。语音层面具体指拟声词的连用,语义层面包括"数词"和"脏话"两部分,而修辞层面挑选出了出现频率最高的明喻,暗喻,夸张和排比这四种修辞方法。在分析这些例子时,笔者分别从语言手段,语境和效果三个角度来衡量其是否真正地传递出了原著幽默讽刺的效果。基于对《兄弟》两个译本的对比笔者发现,通过运用直译,替换,解释,意译,改写,补偿等多种方法原文的风格可以被传递。具体到文本例子的分析,一共有六点结论:(1)在翻译拟声词时,最好是在目标语中找到对应的模拟声音的词;如果找不到,则有三种解决方法,要么指出拟声词所模拟的对象,要么对文章的意思进行解释或改写。(2)当数词扮演的是节拍器的角色时,它必须被准确地字译;当数词主要体现程度副词的功能时,译者可以用合适的副词代替它,或者补充上其他词句,只要这些词句能突出原文所强调的程度即可。(3)"脏话"不能省略。如果目标语中有与源语言相对应的"脏话"时,可直接翻译;如果没有,译者可以根据原文的意思进行意译,或者之后在文中的其他地方补偿这种粗俗的效果。(4)如果译文读者根据自己的文化背景和基本认知能够理解原文的比喻手法时,则采取直译的手法;反之,译者应该做相应的解释或者改动。(5)一般情况下,夸张的效果都可以通过直译来实现。(6)排比手法在翻译时最重要的就是要体现出它重复性的结构,如果直译困难,则译者可以自己创造出新的相似结构来,只要这种结构能够体现出音律美和表达的递进效果即可。风格虽然可以被传递,但是也有一定的局限性。由于社会政治环境和文化背景等不可逾越的因素,完全等值的风格传递是不可能的。然而一个成功的翻译并不意味着原文和译文的完全等值,而是最大程度上的接近。
[Abstract]:Style translation is an important factor in reproducing the artistic charm of literary works. In this paper, a case study is carried out on the German translation of "brother >" to explore how to maximize the reproduction of literary style. The scholars at all times and in the world define and study the essence behind these definitions, and finally summarize the three main elements of style, namely, specific language means, context and effect. According to the theory of text typology and Cole Maier of Germany, the main goal of literary translation is to achieve the function of aesthetic effect. It is consistent with the "effect" of the third elements of the style. Levi believes that the rhythmic beauty and innovation caused by the unique language form are the important factors that embody the style of literary works, so the unique linguistic structure of the literary works should be paid special attention to in the translation of literary works; this corresponds to the first element of the style, "specific language means". At the same time, Marx tanning believes that the discourse in literary works always has a more rich meaning, so that the translator needs to analyze the specific context carefully in translation in order to accurately convey its associative meaning and implicit meaning. This is consistent with the second elements of the style "context". The three elements of the above theory and the "style" are in accordance with the above theory. Phonetics (special language means), semantic (context) and rhetorical (effect level) three angles are used to classify the means embodied in the brotherhood, and select some representative examples for detailed analysis. The phonetic level refers to the continuous use of the onomatopoeia, and the semantic level includes the two parts of the "Numeral" and "dirty words", and the rhetorical layer. There are four rhetorical methods which have the highest frequency of metaphor, metaphor, hyperbole and comparison. In the analysis of these examples, the author measured whether it really conveys the effect of the original humorous satire from the three angles of language means, context and effect. Based on the comparison between the two translations of brother and brother, the author finds that it is used by the author. The style of literal translation, substitution, interpretation, free translation, rewriting, compensation and so on can be transferred. To the analysis of the text examples, there are six conclusions: (1) when translating the onomatopoeia, it is best to find the corresponding analog sound in the target language; if not found, there are three solutions or the onomatopoeia simulated by the onomatopoeia. An object either interpret or rewrite the meaning of the article. (2) when the numerals play the role of the metronome, it must be translated correctly; when the numerals mainly reflect the function of the degree adverb, the translator can replace it with the appropriate adverb, or supplement the other words, as long as these words can highlight the degree of emphasis in the text. (3) "dirty words" can not be omitted. If there is a "dirty word" corresponding to the source language in the target language, it can be translated directly; if not, the translator can make free translation according to the meaning of the original, or then compensate for the vulgar effect in other places in the text. (4) if the translation reader can understand the original language according to his own cultural background and basic cognition On the contrary, the translator should do the corresponding interpretation or change. (5) in general, the exaggerated effect can be achieved through literal translation. (6) the most important thing in the translation is to reflect its repeatability structure. If the literal translation is difficult, the translator can create a new phase by himself. Like structure, as long as this structure can reflect the beauty of rhythm and the progressive effect of expression. Although the style can be transferred, it also has some limitations. Due to the insuperable factors such as the social and political environment and cultural background, it is impossible to deliver the full equivalent style. However, a successful translation does not mean the original. The full equivalence of text and translation is the maximum degree of approximation.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I046;H33
本文编号：2153139
[Abstract]:Style translation is an important factor in reproducing the artistic charm of literary works. In this paper, a case study is carried out on the German translation of "brother >" to explore how to maximize the reproduction of literary style. The scholars at all times and in the world define and study the essence behind these definitions, and finally summarize the three main elements of style, namely, specific language means, context and effect. According to the theory of text typology and Cole Maier of Germany, the main goal of literary translation is to achieve the function of aesthetic effect. It is consistent with the "effect" of the third elements of the style. Levi believes that the rhythmic beauty and innovation caused by the unique language form are the important factors that embody the style of literary works, so the unique linguistic structure of the literary works should be paid special attention to in the translation of literary works; this corresponds to the first element of the style, "specific language means". At the same time, Marx tanning believes that the discourse in literary works always has a more rich meaning, so that the translator needs to analyze the specific context carefully in translation in order to accurately convey its associative meaning and implicit meaning. This is consistent with the second elements of the style "context". The three elements of the above theory and the "style" are in accordance with the above theory. Phonetics (special language means), semantic (context) and rhetorical (effect level) three angles are used to classify the means embodied in the brotherhood, and select some representative examples for detailed analysis. The phonetic level refers to the continuous use of the onomatopoeia, and the semantic level includes the two parts of the "Numeral" and "dirty words", and the rhetorical layer. There are four rhetorical methods which have the highest frequency of metaphor, metaphor, hyperbole and comparison. In the analysis of these examples, the author measured whether it really conveys the effect of the original humorous satire from the three angles of language means, context and effect. Based on the comparison between the two translations of brother and brother, the author finds that it is used by the author. The style of literal translation, substitution, interpretation, free translation, rewriting, compensation and so on can be transferred. To the analysis of the text examples, there are six conclusions: (1) when translating the onomatopoeia, it is best to find the corresponding analog sound in the target language; if not found, there are three solutions or the onomatopoeia simulated by the onomatopoeia. An object either interpret or rewrite the meaning of the article. (2) when the numerals play the role of the metronome, it must be translated correctly; when the numerals mainly reflect the function of the degree adverb, the translator can replace it with the appropriate adverb, or supplement the other words, as long as these words can highlight the degree of emphasis in the text. (3) "dirty words" can not be omitted. If there is a "dirty word" corresponding to the source language in the target language, it can be translated directly; if not, the translator can make free translation according to the meaning of the original, or then compensate for the vulgar effect in other places in the text. (4) if the translation reader can understand the original language according to his own cultural background and basic cognition On the contrary, the translator should do the corresponding interpretation or change. (5) in general, the exaggerated effect can be achieved through literal translation. (6) the most important thing in the translation is to reflect its repeatability structure. If the literal translation is difficult, the translator can create a new phase by himself. Like structure, as long as this structure can reflect the beauty of rhythm and the progressive effect of expression. Although the style can be transferred, it also has some limitations. Due to the insuperable factors such as the social and political environment and cultural background, it is impossible to deliver the full equivalent style. However, a successful translation does not mean the original. The full equivalence of text and translation is the maximum degree of approximation.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I046;H33
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