《追风筝的人》中波斯史诗《沙那玛》的神话原型研究
发布时间：2018-08-12 18:55
【摘要】：本文以加拿大学者诺思罗普·弗莱的原型理论为依据,研究美籍阿富汗作家卡勒德·胡赛尼《追风筝的人》(简称《追》,下同)的神话原型——波斯诗人菲尔多西的《沙那玛》(或译为《王书》、《列王记》)。该史诗与荷马史诗《伊利亚特》等被并称为"世界四大史诗",影响深远,其中的勇士故事"罗斯坦与索拉博"最广为流传。本文通过对比这部小说与史诗原型,分析两部作品间的内在联系,探讨小说创作的源动力。本文将从以下几方面展开论述:引言介绍了胡赛尼及其作品《追》,简述了《追》的国内外研究现状,介绍了其理论依据神话原型批评,并进一步论证了用神话原型理论来研究这部小说的可行性和必要性。第一章详细说明了《沙那玛》的文学地位、重要情节及其英译版本问题。后两个章节是本文的主体部分。第二章论证了史诗原型对小说人物形象塑造的作用,包括爸爸与勇士罗斯坦、阿米尔与暴君卡乌斯、以及哈桑与正直的小勇士索拉博之间的对应关系,以及反面人物阿塞夫的魔鬼形象原型。第三章分析了作者的创作动因和史诗原型赋予小说的教育意义。首先,波斯勇士的父子相承关系,体现了小说中"爸爸"这一角色的重要性,强调了父亲在子女成长道路上的引导作用。其次,《沙那玛》中的魔鬼对国王卡乌斯的诱惑,乃至小说中阿米尔误入歧途及浪子回头的情节,展现了个体在成人之路上对善恶的分辨与选择。此外,罗斯坦与索拉博的血缘关系象征着阿富汗各民族紧密相连的血脉,而父子相残的悲剧则加深了读者的同情,引发了更多的反思。以此,作者反对强势民族对弱势民族的歧视与压迫,呼唤各民族间的认同与和解。原型理论揭示了创作主题的根深蒂固,但在不同的文本中,在不同的作者笔下,又焕发出新的活力。从本小说来看,原型中的英雄故事庄严肃穆,至亲相残令人同情,象征着深陷战乱的阿富汗民族的悲伤命运。《沙那玛》这部波斯文经典,是阿富汗少数民族文化的结晶,是其文化瑰宝不可分割的一部分。基于弗莱的理论,本文认为,《沙那玛》的神话原型进入胡赛尼的作品,是其创作中无意识的选,也说明他受到本民族文化的深刻影响。
[Abstract]:This paper is based on the archetypal theory of Canadian scholar Northrop Fry. The mythological archetype of the American Afghan writer Khaled Husseni, the Kite pursuer, is the Persian poet Phil Dorsey's Shanama. The epic and Homer epic "Iliad" and others are called "the four epics of the world" and have far-reaching influence. Among them, the story of the Warriors "Rothstein and Solabo" is the most popular. By comparing this novel with the epic archetype, this paper analyzes the internal relationship between the two works and probes into the source power of the novel creation. This paper will discuss from the following aspects: the introduction introduces Houseni and his works "chasing", briefly describes the domestic and foreign research situation of "chasing", and introduces its theoretical basis for mythological archetypal criticism. Furthermore, the feasibility and necessity of using mythological prototype theory to study this novel are further demonstrated. The first chapter explains the literary status, the important plot and the English translation of Sanama in detail. The last two chapters are the main part of this paper. The second chapter demonstrates the role of epic archetypes in shaping the characters of the novel, including the corresponding relationship between father and warrior Rothstein, Amir and tyrant Kaus, and Hassan and the upright little warrior Solabo. And the evil image archetype of the villain Arsef. The third chapter analyzes the author's creative motivation and the educational significance of the epic prototype. First of all, the father-son relationship of the Persian warrior embodies the importance of the role of "father" in the novel, and emphasizes the guiding role of the father in the path of children's growth. Secondly, the temptation of the devil in Sanamar to King Kaus, and the plot of Amir's misguided and prodigal son's return in the novel, reveal the individual's discrimination and choice of good and evil on the road to adulthood. In addition, the blood relationship between Rothstein and Sorabo symbolizes the close connection of Afghanistan's ethnic groups, while the tragedy of father and son's mutilation deepens the readers' sympathy and leads to more introspection. In this way, the author opposes the discrimination and oppression of the weak ethnic groups and calls for the recognition and reconciliation among the different ethnic groups. Archetypal theory reveals the deep-rooted theme of creation, but in different texts and in the works of different authors, it coruscates with new vitality. From this novel, the hero story in the archetype is solemn and solemn, and the bereavement of the closest relatives is sympathetic, symbolizing the sad fate of the Afghan nation in deep war. The Persian classic, "Sanama", is the crystallization of the culture of the Afghan minority. Is an integral part of its cultural treasures. Based on Frye's theory, this paper argues that the mythological prototype of Sanamar entered Houseni's works, which is an unconscious choice in his works, and it also shows that he is deeply influenced by his own culture.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I712.074
本文编号：2179990
[Abstract]:This paper is based on the archetypal theory of Canadian scholar Northrop Fry. The mythological archetype of the American Afghan writer Khaled Husseni, the Kite pursuer, is the Persian poet Phil Dorsey's Shanama. The epic and Homer epic "Iliad" and others are called "the four epics of the world" and have far-reaching influence. Among them, the story of the Warriors "Rothstein and Solabo" is the most popular. By comparing this novel with the epic archetype, this paper analyzes the internal relationship between the two works and probes into the source power of the novel creation. This paper will discuss from the following aspects: the introduction introduces Houseni and his works "chasing", briefly describes the domestic and foreign research situation of "chasing", and introduces its theoretical basis for mythological archetypal criticism. Furthermore, the feasibility and necessity of using mythological prototype theory to study this novel are further demonstrated. The first chapter explains the literary status, the important plot and the English translation of Sanama in detail. The last two chapters are the main part of this paper. The second chapter demonstrates the role of epic archetypes in shaping the characters of the novel, including the corresponding relationship between father and warrior Rothstein, Amir and tyrant Kaus, and Hassan and the upright little warrior Solabo. And the evil image archetype of the villain Arsef. The third chapter analyzes the author's creative motivation and the educational significance of the epic prototype. First of all, the father-son relationship of the Persian warrior embodies the importance of the role of "father" in the novel, and emphasizes the guiding role of the father in the path of children's growth. Secondly, the temptation of the devil in Sanamar to King Kaus, and the plot of Amir's misguided and prodigal son's return in the novel, reveal the individual's discrimination and choice of good and evil on the road to adulthood. In addition, the blood relationship between Rothstein and Sorabo symbolizes the close connection of Afghanistan's ethnic groups, while the tragedy of father and son's mutilation deepens the readers' sympathy and leads to more introspection. In this way, the author opposes the discrimination and oppression of the weak ethnic groups and calls for the recognition and reconciliation among the different ethnic groups. Archetypal theory reveals the deep-rooted theme of creation, but in different texts and in the works of different authors, it coruscates with new vitality. From this novel, the hero story in the archetype is solemn and solemn, and the bereavement of the closest relatives is sympathetic, symbolizing the sad fate of the Afghan nation in deep war. The Persian classic, "Sanama", is the crystallization of the culture of the Afghan minority. Is an integral part of its cultural treasures. Based on Frye's theory, this paper argues that the mythological prototype of Sanamar entered Houseni's works, which is an unconscious choice in his works, and it also shows that he is deeply influenced by his own culture.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I712.074
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前2条
1 李继宏;;灿烂千阳下的风筝——译者谈《追风筝的人》和《灿烂千阳》[J];作家;2008年04期
2 尚必武;刘爱萍;;托起“灿烂千阳”的“追风筝的人”——阿富汗裔美国小说家卡勒德·胡赛尼其人其作[J];外国文学动态;2007年05期
，本文编号：2179990
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