神经质和责任心对拖延的影响：自我效能感和成就动机的中介作用

发布时间：2018-10-11 09:52

【摘要】：拖延是一种普遍存在的现象,调查发现大约75%的大学生认为自己有时拖延,而近50%认为自己的拖延成为急待解决的问题。严重的拖延症会对学生的身心健康和工作学习带来消极影响,如出现强烈的自责、负罪感,不断的自我否定、贬低,并伴有焦虑、抑郁等负面情绪。因此,深入探索拖延的内在机制,不断推进拖延的理论研究,为教育工作者和心理咨询师提供矫正拖延行为的理论依据就显得尤为重要和迫切。以往研究拖延时,常常对拖延进行了多种分类,缺乏概括性的研究,容易得出片面性的结论。本研究在结合唤起性拖延和回避性拖延作为一般拖延的基础上,探讨了神经质和责任心、自我效能感、追求成功动机和回避失败动机以及一般拖延之间的关系。由于责任心和神经质都是相对稳定的人格特质,因此揭示它们影响一般拖延的作用过程,直接干预中介变量就可能有效地减少拖延。而自我效能属于一种自我知觉式的体验,动机是个体行动的内驱力,据此认为自我效能感与追求成功动机和回避失败动机可能在神经质和责任心与一般拖延之间存在部分中介作用,并对自我效能感与追求成功动机和回避失败的中介作用进行检验。本研究运用问卷法,对500多名某高校学生进行调查,研究结果发现:1神经质与一般拖延呈现出显著正相关,而责任心与一般拖延呈现出显著负相关。2自我效能感与一般拖延呈现显著负相关,追求成功动机与一般拖延也呈现显著负相关,而回避失败动机与一般拖延呈现显著正相关。3通过分层回归分析和样本内有放回的抽样验证发现,自我效能感、追求成功动机和回避失败动机在责任心和一般拖延之间不存在中介效应,而在神经质和一般拖延之间存在部分中介作用。4自我效能感在神经质和一般拖延之间存在部分中介作用。5追求成功动机在神经质和一般拖延之间存在部分中介作用。6回避失败动机在神经质和一般拖延之间存在部分中介作用。
[Abstract]:Procrastination is a common phenomenon, with about 75% of college students saying they sometimes procrastinate, while nearly 50% think their procrastination is an urgent problem. Serious procrastination can bring negative effects on students' physical and mental health and work and study, such as strong self-blame, guilt, self-negation, debasement, anxiety, depression and other negative emotions. Therefore, it is particularly important and urgent to explore the internal mechanism of procrastination, to continuously promote the theoretical research of procrastination and to provide theoretical basis for educators and psychological counsellors to correct procrastination. When procrastination is studied in the past, it is often classified into several categories, and it is easy to draw one-sidedness conclusion because of the lack of general research. On the basis of arousal procrastination and evasive procrastination as general procrastination, this study explored the relationship between neuroticism and responsibility, self-efficacy, success motivation, avoidance failure motivation and general procrastination. Since both responsibility and neuroticism are relatively stable personality traits, it is revealed that they affect the process of general procrastination, and direct intervention in mediating variables may effectively reduce procrastination. Self-efficacy is a kind of self-conscious experience, motivation is the internal drive of individual action, It is concluded that there may be some mediating effect between neuroticism and responsibility and general procrastination between self-efficacy and motivation for success and avoidance of failure. And the self-efficacy and the pursuit of success motivation and the intermediary role of avoiding failure are tested. In this study, more than 500 college students were investigated by questionnaire. The results showed that: (1) neuroticism was positively correlated with general procrastination. There was a significant negative correlation between responsibility and general procrastination. (2) Self-efficacy was negatively correlated with general procrastination, and success motivation was negatively correlated with general procrastination. However, the motivation of avoidance failure was positively correlated with general procrastination. 3 Self-efficacy was found by stratified regression analysis and sample verification. There is no intermediary effect between responsibility and procrastination between motivation for success and motivation for avoiding failure. There is a partial intermediary between neuroticism and general procrastination. 4 Self-efficacy between neuroticism and general procrastination. 5 there is a part of mediating between neuroticism and general procrastination in pursuit of success motivation. There is a partial mediating effect between neuroticism and general procrastination with. 6 avoidance failure motivation.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B848

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