日本熊本县水俣病公害问题研究（1956年-1959年）
发布时间：2018-10-31 13:23
【摘要】：1950年代随着日本经济的复苏,工业化进度呈现高速发展。又由于政府重视化学工业对其他工业供给基础原料的作用,因此对化学工业有着格外的照顾。但是作为一个以化学物品反应作为基本生产工艺的工业部门,其生产的废料对于环境产生的破坏作用远较于其它部门更为显著。其中,1956年在熊本县水俣市所爆发的水俣病公害事件就是其中典型的代表。关于1956年的熊本县水俣病公害事件研究,可以根据参与的主体,从施害方的水俣工厂、受害方的水俣病病人和水俣市渔民以及斡旋方的市县政府三个方面进行研究。从工厂方来看,其自身以城市建设的功臣自居,并因此获得了市政府与未受害的市民的支持,从而在事件的处理过程中始终处优势的地位,并且在50年代逃脱了应有的处罚;从受害方来看,受害者分裂成为诉求各异的几个群体,彼此间缺乏互助,也分散了运动的力量,最终使得其诉求没有得到根本的满足;从政府方面看,无论是地方政府还是中央政府,都从经济发展的考虑,采取了息事宁人,包庇元凶的态度,使得受害者没有获得足够的社会关注和行政上的帮助,最终使得熊本县水俣病事件没有得到妥善解决。公害问题在60年代在日本其他地区爆发,成为全国性的社会事件。尽管50年代水俣病公害问题还停留在日本的西南一隅,但是从中不难看出一些日后公害问题引起社会关注的端倪。从施害方与受害方的关系来看涉及经济利益与公共利益之间的抉择矛盾;而从政府与双方之间的关系来看,又涉及政治决策与社会道德的矛盾。这些矛盾不仅出现在50年代的熊本县,在之后的反公害运动中成为整个日本社会所面对的矛盾。而在50年代的受害者身上体现的阶层分化,也是随着日本经济发展在60、70年代所体现的社会特征。因此50年代的熊本水俣病公害事件折射着日本战后随着经济发展而带来的社会结构变化后,日本政府所面对的社会公益与政治决策的考量。
[Abstract]:With the recovery of the Japanese economy in the 1950 s, the progress of industrialization developed at a high speed. Because the government attaches great importance to the role of chemical industry in supplying basic raw materials to other industries, it pays special attention to chemical industry. However, as a industrial sector with chemical reaction as the basic production process, the environmental damage caused by the waste produced by the industrial sector is much more significant than that in other sectors. Among them, in 1956 Minamata City, Kumamoto County outbreak of Minamata disease pollution event is a typical representative. The study on Minamata disease pollution event in Kumamoto County in 1956 can be studied from three aspects: the victim's Minamata factory, the victim's Minamata disease patient and the fishermen of Minamata City, and the city and county government of the mediation side. From the factory side, its own as a meritorious person in urban construction, and thus obtained the support of the municipal government and the unvictimized citizens, thus always in the process of handling the incident in the position of advantage, and in the 1950s to escape due punishment; From the perspective of the aggrieved side, the victims split into several groups with different demands, lack of mutual assistance among each other, and scattered the strength of the movement, which ultimately made their demands not to be fundamentally satisfied; From the point of view of the government, both the local government and the central government have taken the attitude of tranquillity and sheltering the culprits from the consideration of economic development, so that the victims have not received sufficient social attention and administrative help. Eventually make Kumamata County Minamata disease incident has not been properly resolved. The pollution problem erupted in other parts of Japan in the 1960 s and became a national social event. Although the problem of Minamata disease in the 1950s is still in a corner of southwest Japan, it is not difficult to see some signs of public concern in the future. From the perspective of the relationship between the victimizer and the aggrieved party, the contradiction between economic interests and public interests is involved, while the relationship between the government and the two parties is concerned with the contradiction between political decision and social morality. These contradictions not only appeared in Kumamoto Prefecture in the 1950s, but also became contradictions faced by the whole Japanese society. The stratification embodied in the victims in the 1950s was also the social characteristic of Japan's economic development in the 1960s and 1970s. Therefore, the disaster of Minamata disease in Kumamata disease in the 1950s reflected the changes in social structure brought about by Japan's postwar economic development, and the consideration of social welfare and political decision made by the Japanese government.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K313.5
本文编号：2302347
[Abstract]:With the recovery of the Japanese economy in the 1950 s, the progress of industrialization developed at a high speed. Because the government attaches great importance to the role of chemical industry in supplying basic raw materials to other industries, it pays special attention to chemical industry. However, as a industrial sector with chemical reaction as the basic production process, the environmental damage caused by the waste produced by the industrial sector is much more significant than that in other sectors. Among them, in 1956 Minamata City, Kumamoto County outbreak of Minamata disease pollution event is a typical representative. The study on Minamata disease pollution event in Kumamoto County in 1956 can be studied from three aspects: the victim's Minamata factory, the victim's Minamata disease patient and the fishermen of Minamata City, and the city and county government of the mediation side. From the factory side, its own as a meritorious person in urban construction, and thus obtained the support of the municipal government and the unvictimized citizens, thus always in the process of handling the incident in the position of advantage, and in the 1950s to escape due punishment; From the perspective of the aggrieved side, the victims split into several groups with different demands, lack of mutual assistance among each other, and scattered the strength of the movement, which ultimately made their demands not to be fundamentally satisfied; From the point of view of the government, both the local government and the central government have taken the attitude of tranquillity and sheltering the culprits from the consideration of economic development, so that the victims have not received sufficient social attention and administrative help. Eventually make Kumamata County Minamata disease incident has not been properly resolved. The pollution problem erupted in other parts of Japan in the 1960 s and became a national social event. Although the problem of Minamata disease in the 1950s is still in a corner of southwest Japan, it is not difficult to see some signs of public concern in the future. From the perspective of the relationship between the victimizer and the aggrieved party, the contradiction between economic interests and public interests is involved, while the relationship between the government and the two parties is concerned with the contradiction between political decision and social morality. These contradictions not only appeared in Kumamoto Prefecture in the 1950s, but also became contradictions faced by the whole Japanese society. The stratification embodied in the victims in the 1950s was also the social characteristic of Japan's economic development in the 1960s and 1970s. Therefore, the disaster of Minamata disease in Kumamata disease in the 1950s reflected the changes in social structure brought about by Japan's postwar economic development, and the consideration of social welfare and political decision made by the Japanese government.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K313.5
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前3条
1 张雨明;;日本企业社会责任对我国的启示[J];中小企业管理与科技(上旬刊);2009年09期
2 程鹏立;;日本“水俣病”的社会学研究[J];河海大学学报(哲学社会科学版);2008年04期
3 包茂宏;日本环境公害及其治理的经验教训[J];中国党政干部论坛;2002年10期
相关博士学位论文 前1条
1 杨晓辉;日本当代生态文学研究[D];吉林大学;2013年
，本文编号：2302347
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/shoufeilunwen/zaizhiboshi/2302347.html
教材专著
