异化与救赎—新极权主义背景下D.H.劳伦斯主要作品中两性关系之解析

发布时间：2018-11-19 15:23

【摘要】：根据美国社会学家赫伯特·马尔库塞的观点,工业革命使人类进入新极权主义社会。这个社会之“新”在于它使人们在无意识状态下放弃自由,追逐利益最大化。因此,人与人之间充满着矛盾,从而导致彼此关系出现异化。英国作家D.H.劳伦斯就生活在这种年代,他深深地感受到这种社会赋予人类的压抑。劳伦斯对于时代变迁的敏感性使他以小说为媒介,揭露了新极权主义社会中经济、意识等多种压力对人类关系的戕害。在这些社会关系中,他认为两性关系是最基础、最重要的部分。因此,劳伦斯耗其一生创建了一条救赎两性关系之路。本文运用赫伯特·马尔库塞的社会批判理论来解读D.H.劳伦斯主要作品中体现的、在新极权主义社会中两性关系的异化与救赎。本文由五个章节组成:第一章简要介绍了D.H.劳伦斯及所涉及文本内容,国内外对这些作品中包含的两性关系的发展和影响之研究状况。第二章是对马尔库塞社会批判理论的主要内容进行概括。第三、四章是文章的主体部分。第三章解读了由两性关系(父亲与母亲)破裂而引发的母亲与儿子之间异化的爱,并通过反抗这种异化之爱来表达作者对两性关系回归的渴望。第四章分析了劳伦斯所推崇的两性关系的实质——灵与肉的结合,并围绕这个主题进一步探究劳伦斯作品中两性关系的异化,及作者所提出的救赎方法。第五章为全文的总结和结论。结论部分表明,在新极权主义社会中,各种压抑因素对人类关系的侵蚀是所有人必须面对的。劳伦斯以其中的两性关系为重点,建立了一条救赎之路。由此,以马尔库塞的社会批判理论来解读劳伦斯所主张的、和谐的两性关系的救赎之路,可以引发人的现实性反思:人需抵抗来自社会的压力,追逐两性间灵与肉的回归。
[Abstract]:According to American sociologist Herbert Marcuse, the Industrial Revolution brought mankind into a new totalitarian society. The "new" of this society is that it makes people give up freedom and pursue maximum benefits in the unconscious state. Therefore, people are full of contradictions, resulting in alienation of their relationship. British writer D. H. Lawrence lived in such an age, he was deeply aware of the oppression of this society on human beings. Lawrence's sensitivity to the changes of the times led him to use novels as a medium to expose the damage to human relations caused by various pressures such as economy consciousness and other pressures in the neo-totalitarian society. In these social relations, he believes that gender relations are the most basic, most important part. Therefore, Lawrence spent his life to create a road to redemption of the relationship between men and women. This paper uses Herbert Marcuse's theory of social criticism to interpret D. H. Lawrence's main works embody the alienation and redemption of gender relations in the new totalitarian society. This paper consists of five chapters: the first chapter briefly introduces D. H. Lawrence and the content of the text, the domestic and foreign research on the development and influence of the relationship between the two sexes contained in these works. The second chapter summarizes the main contents of Marcuse's social criticism theory. The third and fourth chapters are the main part of the article. The third chapter explains the alienated love between mother and son caused by the breakdown of the relationship between father and mother, and expresses the author's desire for the return of the relationship by resisting the alienation of love. The fourth chapter analyzes the essence of the relationship between the spirit and the flesh, and further explores the alienation of the relationship between the sexes in Lawrence's works and the redemption method proposed by the author. The fifth chapter is the summary and conclusion of the full text. The conclusion shows that in the neo-totalitarian society, the erosion of human relations by various factors of repression must be faced by all. Lawrence laid emphasis on the relationship between the two sexes and established a road of redemption. Therefore, using Marcuse's theory of social criticism to interpret Lawrence's redeeming road of harmonious relationship between men and women can lead to realistic reflection: people need to resist the pressure from society and pursue the return of spirit and flesh between the sexes.
【学位授予单位】：云南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I561.074

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