《老子》中的圣人观

发布时间：2019-07-02 17:27

【摘要】：《道德经》是老子思想乃至道家学派的经典著作。要研究老子哲学就必须从《道德经》入手。圣人通常指的是聪慧的人,这对于圣人来说是一个最基本的要求,在春秋战国时期,圣人概念有了双重含义,一是在道德上具有无可挑剔的人格,二是在政治上有杰出的作为。圣人,是老子所崇拜的对象,也是他追寻的道路,是他所希望的理想人格,在其思想中,圣人是有着超常的人格和认知能力。通过分析老子圣人的一系列概念,分析圣人无为、自然、不争、无欲这些具体方面,深度体会老子的思想,全面阐述老子圣人观的含义。何为圣人?老子以自己思想勾勒出的圣人形象,是以内外宇宙相结合,精通天地之道义,之后来造福人民,不争不欲,一步步走向老子所追求的"小国寡民",人们和社会都顺应自然的发展,自然而然的生活下去的美好景象。本文以圣人作为切入点来探讨《老子》一书中老子的哲学思维。从一个可具象化的人物形象来阐述复杂抽象的思维结果。使抽象化的哲学思想借助圣人这个媒介使之具象化,同时让我们运用更精炼简洁的语言来了解老子的哲学思想。进一步通过传统思想来对当下的社会进行反思,体现老子哲学思想的现代价值。第一章,通过查阅文献,调查分析来了解当前《老子》的研究现状以及其中关于圣人研究结果,总结分析再次明确研究方向和研究内容。第二章,阐述《老子》一书的背景及主要的思想内容。同时论述现阶段对圣人的解读,并且《老子》书中的圣人的特点。第三、四章,主要针对老子中关于圣人的内容进行分析总结。第三章是圣人与国家治理,第四章是圣人与日常生活。分别从两方面来论述老子认为的圣人的品质与内涵。第五章,主要论述老子的哲学思想对现代的价值体现。本文希望通过多方面探讨老子的哲学思想对当下了解中国传统文化思想又些许借鉴参考。在《道德经》一书中,老子多次提及到圣人的概念,而这个概念又和儒家思想、墨家思想等其他哲学思想中的"圣人"概念不同,所以试着对老子的圣人观念进行剖析,也是一条深入理解老子精神的实质道路。
[Abstract]:The Tao Te Ching is a classic work of the Lao-tzu's thought and even the Taoist school. To study Lao-Tzu's philosophy, we must start with the . The sage usually refers to the intelligent person, which is one of the most basic requirements for the sage. In the period of the Spring and Autumn and the Warring States, the concept of the saint has the dual meaning, one is to have impeccable personality in the moral, and the other is to be politically outstanding. The saint, the object that the Lao-tzu worships, is also the path of his pursuit, is the ideal personality that he wants, in his thought, the saint is with the extraordinary personality and the cognitive ability. Through the analysis of the series of concepts of Lao-Tzu's sage, the analysis of the saint's theory, nature, non-competition, no desire for these specific aspects, the deep experience of Lao-Tzu's thought, fully expounds the meaning of Lao-Tzu's view of the saint. What is a saint? Lao-tzu's image of the saint, which is outlined by his own thought, is the moral of the world, which is combined with the inner and outer universe, and then to the benefit of the people, and the "a small country and a few people" that the Lao-tzu is pursuing, and the people and the society are all in accordance with the natural development. A natural beauty of life. This paper discusses the philosophical thinking of Lao-Tzu in the book of "Lao-tzu>" as an entry point. This paper expounds the thinking result of the complex abstract from the image of the image. The philosophy of the abstract philosophy is made by the medium of the sage, and at the same time let us use the more refined and concise language to understand the philosophy of Lao-Tzu. Further through the traditional thought to reflect on the current society, embody the modern value of Lao-Tzu's philosophical thought. In the first chapter, through the review of the literature, the investigation and analysis to understand the current situation of the current study of the Lao-tzu and the results of the study of the sage, the research direction and the content of the research are clarified. The second chapter expounds the background and main contents of the book. At the same time, this paper discusses the present stage's interpretation of the saints, and the characteristics of the saints in Lao-tzu. The third and fourth chapter mainly focuses on the analysis and summary of the content of the saints in the Lao-tzu. The third chapter is the saint and the national governance, the fourth chapter is the saint and the daily life. The quality and connotation of the saint in Lao-tzu's thought are discussed from two aspects. The fifth chapter mainly discusses the modern value of Lao-Tzu's philosophy. In this paper, it is hoped that Lao-Tzu's philosophical thoughts can be used for reference in the current understanding of the traditional Chinese culture. In the book of "Tao Te Ching", Lao Tzu has made many references to the concept of the sage, and this concept is different from the "a saint" in other philosophical ideas such as the Confucian thought and the Mo's thought. It is also a substantial way to deeply understand the spirit of Lao-Tzu.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B223.1

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