武汉市公园绿地植物生命特质表征与群落营建研究

发布时间：2018-03-18 22:04

本文选题：风景园林　切入点：植物生命特质　出处：《华中农业大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：植景为延续地脉与文脉,提高环境质量所不可或缺。植物具有生命、美学、空间、文化特质,生命特质是其根本特质。本研究从植物生命特质的角度出发,探讨群落结构健康稳定和相变特征合理的条件,以及其能提供的功能和达到的美学效果。植物生命特质系指植物的生物学特征和生态习性;具有因时而变、因地而生的特点;受生长发育周期和外部环境因子的影响;表现为生长型和相变。参考CITY-green模型用户手册中的1级树木健康状况标准,选择武汉市公园绿地中的41处植物群落,调查群落的群体特征(植被型、结构层次、外貌变化、使用者行为)和群落中的个体特征(生长型组成、数量、冠幅、胸径)。分析群落整体的物种组成、植被类型,并对比不同垂直结构下,植物群落生命特质表征、功能和使用频率的差异。调研结果表明:(1)调研群落在物种组成和群落结构上与其地带性植被相似,具有明显的中亚热带湿润气候区域性植被特征。(2)多选择具有较强适应性和抗逆性、有良好生态效益和美学效果的乡土树种和“市花市树”。(3)季相变化丰富,季相变化以秋季落叶树种变色和冬春落叶树种落叶展叶为主,此外以观赏或展示为主的群落会强调叶花果的物候变化。(4)公园绿地植物群落具有满足公众活动和有机联系环境的功能。(5)“乔-灌-草”垂直结构中,林缘群落空间更适宜静态活动;“乔-草”垂直结构群落中,疏林草地群落空间更适宜动态活动;而“乔-灌”垂直结构群落空间活动较少。提出植物生命特质视角下的群落营建策略:(1)选种充分考虑气候条件、地理分布、地域文化,以地带性植被、乡土树种、“市花市树”优先。(2)群落布局和构设宜做到物种、群落、季相、地表覆盖多样统一,以及分期规划与动态管护。
[Abstract]:Planting scenery is indispensable for the continuation of the environment and the improvement of environmental quality. Plants have the characteristics of life, aesthetics, space, culture and life. This paper discusses the reasonable conditions for the healthy and stable community structure and phase transition characteristics, as well as the functions and aesthetic effects it can provide. Plant life traits refer to the biological characteristics and ecological habits of plants, which have the characteristics of changing from time to time and arising from local conditions. Under the influence of growth cycle and external environmental factors, the growth pattern and phase transition are represented. According to the standard of health status of grade 1 trees in the user's manual of CITY-green model, 41 plant communities in park green space of Wuhan City are selected. The population characteristics (vegetation type, structure level, appearance change, user behavior) and individual characteristics (growth type composition, quantity, crown width, DBH) of the community were investigated. The species composition and vegetation types of the community as a whole were analyzed. The characteristics, functions and frequency of plant community life were compared under different vertical structures. The results showed that the species composition and community structure of the investigated community were similar to that of their zonal vegetation, the results showed that the species composition and community structure of the investigated community were similar to those of their zonal vegetation. The local tree species with good ecological benefit and aesthetic effect have abundant seasonal variation, which have obvious regional vegetation characteristics of middle subtropical humid climate. (2) most of them have strong adaptability and resistance to stress, good ecological benefit and aesthetic effect, and the seasonal variation of local tree species and "city flower city tree" .Y3) is abundant. The seasonal changes of deciduous trees in autumn and winter and spring were mainly discoloration and defoliation. In addition, the ornamental or showcasing communities will emphasize the phenological changes of leaves, flowers and fruits. 4) the green plant community of the park has the function of satisfying the public activities and the organic connection environment. 5) in the vertical structure of "Arbor, shrub and grass", In the vertical structure community of "Arbor and grass", the space of open forest and grassland community is more suitable for dynamic activities. On the other hand, the vertical structure community of "Arbor and Irrigation" has less space activity. The community construction strategy under the view of plant life trait is put forward, which takes climate conditions, geographical distribution, regional culture into consideration and zonal vegetation. The distribution and construction of local tree species are suitable for species, community, seasonal phase, land surface coverage, as well as stage planning and dynamic management and conservation.
【学位授予单位】：华中农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S688;TU986

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