紫薇杂交后代的花色、AFLP及抗病分析

发布时间：2018-03-19 09:07

本文选题：紫薇　切入点：花色遗传　出处：《山东农业大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：紫薇(Lagerstroemia Indica),千屈菜科紫薇属,是重要的园林观赏植物。本研究通过对四倍体紫薇‘四海升平’与其它品种杂交后代的花色性状表现、遗传多样性分析等方面的研究,对多个杂交组合的遗传多样性进行比较,在分子水平上研究多倍体紫薇的花色遗传;通过对不同抗白粉病品种紫薇的生理指标进行测量、对比和分析,以明确不同侵染时间下紫薇叶片中超氧化物歧化酶活性,可溶性蛋白质、丙二醛含量的变化规律,为白粉病抗性机制的研究提供依据,并对抗病品种杂交后代进行抗病评价。主要研究结果如下:(1)在‘紫抗1号’与‘四海升平’杂交组合中,父母本花色近似,子代中大部分均表现出亲本的花色,同时也出现了异于亲本的玫红色与紫红色;在‘紫抗2号’与‘四海升平’、‘泮河2号’与‘四海升平’杂交组合中,分别出现了与母本、父本花色相近的颜色,以及介于二者之间的花色。各杂交组合后代中相同花色均表现出由浅到深的分离。(2)在三个杂交组合中,每个组合的子代中均出现了亲本共有条带,也具有单个亲本独有的条带。‘紫抗1号’×‘四海升平’、‘紫抗2号’×‘四海升平’杂交组合的子代具有母本特异条带百分率高于具有父本特异条带百分率,属于偏母本类型;‘泮河2号’×‘四海升平’杂交组合的子代父本特异条带百分率高于母本特异条带百分率,属于偏父型。三个杂交组合遗传多样性值水平的范围分别为H(0.209-0.2299)、I(0.345-0.3689),差别不大,说明3个组合均具有较高的多态性及较高水平的遗传多样性。三个杂交组合遗传多样性由大到小分别为:‘泮河2号’×‘四海升平’‘紫抗1号’×‘四海升平’‘紫抗2号’×‘四海升平’。聚类结果表明:以相似系数0.77处取结合线,可将43份材料划分为3类,其中紫色、红色单株各自聚在一起,粉色单株聚类较分散。(3)抗病与免疫品种‘紫抗1号’、‘紫抗2号’的SOD活性高于感病品种‘四海升平’,且抗病与免疫品种的SOD修复快于感病品种;感病品种MDA含量不断上升,抗病品种与免疫品种的含量与变化趋势相近,变化较小,并始终低于感病品种;三类品种可溶性蛋白质含量变化趋势及含量变化基本一致,呈上升后下降的趋势。(4)共评价子代72株,其中获得高抗子代19株,中抗子代14株,中感子代17株,高感子代22株,并未发现免疫子代。通过本次杂交育种试验,证实了通过紫薇杂交育种获取抗病性的可行性。通过多个抗病杂交组合的对比,抗病杂交育种中应优先选取‘紫抗1号’作为母本。
[Abstract]:Lagerstroemia Indica, one of the most important ornamental plants in gardens, was studied in this paper. The genetic diversity of multiple cross combinations was compared to study the flower color inheritance of polyploid Lagerstroemia on the molecular level, and the physiological indexes of different powdery mildew resistant varieties were measured, compared and analyzed. The changes of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, soluble protein and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in the leaves of Lagerstroemia chinensis were determined under different infection time, which provided the basis for the study of resistance mechanism of powdery mildew. The main results are as follows: (1) in the cross combinations of 'Zikang 1' and 'Sihai Shengping', the parents' flowers and colors were similar, and most of the progenies showed the color of their parents. At the same time, different from their parents, rose red and purplish red appeared, and in the hybrid combinations of 'Zikang 2' and 'Sihai Shengping' Pan-he 2 and 'Sihai Shengping', the colors were similar to those of female parent and male parent, respectively. The same flower color in the progenies of each cross showed the separation from shallow to deep. In the three cross combinations, there was a common band of parents in the progeny of each combination. The specific band percentage of female parent was higher than that of male parent in the hybrid combination of 'Zikang 1' 脳'脳 'Zikang 2' 脳 'Sihaishengping'. The percentage of specific bands of paternal parents in the cross combinations of'脳 'Sihai Shengping' 2 'Panhe' type of female parent was higher than that of female parent, and the percentage of specific bands was higher than that of female parent's. The range of genetic diversity values of the three cross combinations was 0.209-0.2299. the genetic diversity level of the three crosses was 0.345-0.3689, and the difference was not significant. The genetic diversity of the three cross combinations is from big to small to the size of 1'脳 'Zikang' 1'脳 'Sihaiping 1' 脳 'Zikang' 2, respectively, from the big to the small. The genetic diversity of the three crosses is 1'脳 1'脳'脳 'Zikang 2' 脳 'Pan-he 2' 脳'脳 'Sihai Shengping 1' 脳'脳' The cluster results show that the binding line is taken at 0.77 of similarity coefficient. The 43 materials can be divided into three categories, purple and red trees gathered together, The SOD activity of disease resistant and immunized variety 'Zikang 1' and 'Zikang 1' Zikang 2 'was higher than that of susceptible variety' Sihai Shengping', and the SOD repair of resistant and immunized variety was faster than that of susceptible variety, and the MDA content of susceptible variety was increasing. The content of soluble protein in resistant and immunized varieties was similar to that in susceptible varieties, and the change was small, and the content of soluble protein in three varieties was basically the same. A total of 72 progenies were evaluated, of which 19 were of high resistance, 14 were moderately resistant, 17 were middle susceptible, and 22 were highly susceptible. No immune progeny was found. It was proved that it was feasible to obtain disease resistance by hybrid breeding of Lagerstroemia, and 'Zikang 1' should be selected as female parent in disease resistance hybrid breeding.
【学位授予单位】：山东农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S685.99

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