设施番茄土壤理化性质、微生物与酶活性变化研究

发布时间：2018-04-03 06:09

  本文选题：番茄　切入点：种植模式　出处：《河北科技师范学院》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：番茄(Lycopersicon esculentum Mill)在我国南北方广泛栽培,是我国主要果蔬之一。本文研究了大田栽培和盆栽番茄的生物量、土壤理化性质、微生物和酶活性的变化。主要研究结论如下:1.设施番茄土壤理化性质、微生物、酶活性对连作年限的响应:随着连作年限的增加,番茄土壤pH值逐渐减低,电导率、土壤全氮、有机质、速效磷、速效钾含量前6年逐步上升,然后逐年下降。随连作年限增加微生物数量呈先上升后下降趋势,细菌数量在第6年达到最高值(2.5×108CFU.g-1),真菌数量在连作7年达到最高值(2.4×105 CFU.g-1)。但细菌与真菌的比值一直呈下降趋势。过氧化氢酶和脲酶均呈现出先上升再下降的趋势,过氧化氢酶在连作6年达到最大值(0.87 m L.g-1),脲酶在连作5年达到最大值(2.52mg.g-1)。连作对设施番茄土壤微生物、土壤理化性质和土壤酶活性都有较深影响,特别是连作6-7年,土壤各方面的性质都出现极值。2.不同种植模式对土壤理化性质、微生物、酶活性及设施番茄的影响:2.1不同种植模式对土壤理化性质的影响土壤pH关系为间作模式≈轮作模式连作模式,不同种植模式对土壤有机质影响不显著,间作模式、轮作模式略高于连作模式。土壤电导率关系为间作模式、轮作模式略低于连作模式。土壤速效养分关系为间作模式≈轮作模式连作模式。2.2不同种植模式对土壤微生物的影响不同种植模式土壤细菌数量关系为间作模式轮作模式连作模式,细菌/真菌比值关系为间作模式轮作模式连作模式。土壤细菌种类关系为间作模式轮作模式连作模式,土壤真菌种类关系为间作模式≈轮作模式连作模式。2.3不同种植模式对土壤酶活性的影响间作模式、轮作模式土壤脲酶含量显著高于连作模式,关系为间作模式轮作模式连作模式,土壤过氧化氢酶含量关系为连作模式轮作模式间作模式。2.4不同种植模式对设施番茄的影响番茄生物量关系为间作模式轮作模式连作模式,合理种植模式显著提高番茄生物量。2.5种植前土壤理化性质、土壤微生物与设施番茄生物量相关性番茄种植前土壤细菌数量对番茄生物量影响达到极显著,细菌/真菌比值对根鲜质量、根干质量影响达到极显著,对茎叶鲜质量、茎叶干质量影响达到显著。2.6设施番茄种植与土壤理化性质、土壤微生物相关性番茄生物量与土壤速效养分成负相关,土壤过氧化氢酶含量与番茄根鲜质量显著正相关,而土壤脲酶含量与根鲜质量为负相关;土壤真菌、细菌数量与土壤过氧化氢酶含量为负相关,而与土壤脲酶含量成正相关。2.7土壤理化性质与土壤微生物相关性土壤真菌与速效钾达到显著相关,土壤过氧化氢酶与土壤pH值成显著负相关,与有机质含量达到极显著负相关。土壤脲酶含量与土壤有机质含量显著负相关,与土壤pH值达到极显著负相关。
[Abstract]:Lycopersicon esculentum Milli (Lycopersicon esculentum) is widely cultivated in the south and north of China and is one of the main fruits and vegetables in China.The changes of biomass, soil physical and chemical properties, microorganism and enzyme activity of field and pot tomato were studied in this paper.The main conclusions are as follows: 1.Response of soil Physicochemical Properties, microbial and enzyme activities to continuous cropping years: with the increase of continuous cropping years, pH value of tomato soil gradually decreased, electrical conductivity, soil total nitrogen, organic matter, available phosphorus,The content of available potassium increased gradually in the first 6 years and then decreased year by year.The number of bacteria increased firstly and then decreased with the increase of continuous cropping years. The number of bacteria reached the highest value of 2.5 脳 10 8 CFU 路g-1 in the sixth year, and the number of fungi reached the highest value of 2.4 脳 10 5 CFU 路g -1 in 7 years of continuous cropping.But the ratio of bacteria to fungi has been decreasing.Both catalase and urease showed the trend of rising first and then decreasing. Catalase reached the maximum value of 0.87 m 路g -1 路g -1 in 6 years of continuous cropping, and urease reached the maximum value of 2.52 mg 路g -1 路g -1 in 5 years of continuous cropping.Continuous cropping had a deep effect on soil microorganism, soil physical and chemical properties and soil enzyme activity, especially for 6 to 7 years of continuous cropping.Effects of different cropping patterns on soil Physicochemical Properties, microbes, enzyme activities and greenhouse Tomato; effects of different cropping patterns on soil Physicochemical Properties;The effects of different cropping patterns on soil organic matter were not significant. The intercropping pattern and rotation model were slightly higher than that of continuous cropping model.The relationship of soil electrical conductivity was intercropping pattern, and rotation pattern was slightly lower than that of continuous cropping model.The relationship of soil available nutrients was: intercropping model 鈮，

本文编号：1703943