电磁式高速执行机构的小型红枣分级机的研制

发布时间：2018-04-10 21:28

本文选题：电磁执行机构 + 鲜枣　；参考：《宁夏大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：为了提高红枣分级机的分级精度和分级速度,在第二代(气动式)红枣分级分选机的基础上研制第三代红枣分级机。第三代红枣分级机依据红枣的外部综合品质(大小、颜色、形状、虫眼等)指标作为分级标准,实现红枣的快速无损检测分级。本文研究设计了电磁式高速执行机构的红枣分级机,整机由定向排布上果系统、图像处理系统及执行机构组成,执行机构又由同步传动链轮、拨板链条、分级单元、电磁铁组成。接近开关控制相机采集枣果的图像数据,图像数据经STM32F407图像处理器处理并将处理后的信息传递给STM32F103协处理器,STM32F103协处理器控制分级执行机构产生分级动作。分级单元与辊轮输送同步,采用灵敏度高的电磁铁吸附扣板开关执行动作。本文主要研究了以下几方面的内容:①第三代红枣分级机分级执行机构的整体优化。主要讲述了分级机整体优化原则与方案,阐述了第三代分级机的整机工作原理,着重介绍了分级执行机构的工作原理。对分级执行机构各部件进行了简单的介绍。②优化了分级执行机构之间的配合。经试验确定了底板、拨板和扣板之间是通过轴链接的;通过计算确定了底板、拨板扣板的尺寸;根据磁滞回线确定了扣板中的导磁材料为硅钢片;设计了拨板限位装置(角度及尺寸);挂拉簧装置设计为“牛角”状;确定了拉簧的长度。③电磁铁的选型及安装位置的确定。根据枣果的分级等级,确定了电磁铁总数;通过理论计算确定了电磁铁外形尺寸,磁力大小,及安装位置;根据直流电磁铁的的稳定性高的优点,选择了直流电磁铁。④归位装置及保护开关的设计。硬性归位装置对拨板的归位效果差,对拨板易造成了伤害,因此设计了归位轮,其效果显著,避免了硬性归位装置对拨板的损害,;因为拨板的运动轨迹为圆的渐开线,所以归位轮的外边缘也设计成圆的渐开线。为了防止拨板不能正常归位设计了保护开关避免拨板受到损坏。⑤设备的可靠性试验及分级速度的测定。经过测定红枣分级速度达到20个/s,最大产能1000kg/h,较第二代红枣分级机分级速度提高了一倍;实现红枣3个大小等级和1个绿色等级的分级,分级准确率为93.7%,无损率为100%,疲劳性试验结果良好,未发生异常现象。
[Abstract]:Red dates in order to improve the classifier classification precision and speed in the second generation (pneumatic) based red dates sorting machine developed on the third generation of red dates. The comprehensive quality of the third generation of external classifier classifier based on the red dates red dates (size, color, shape, bug and other indicators) as the classification standard, classification to achieve rapid and nondestructive detection of red dates the classifier is designed in this paper. Red dates high-speed electromagnetic actuator, the machine by the directional arrangement consisting of fruit system, image processing system and the implementing agencies, implementing agencies and by the synchronous drive sprocket, chain plate, grading unit, an electromagnet. The proximity switch control camera image data acquisition jujube, image data by STM32F407 image processor and transfer the processed information to the STM32F103 coprocessor, STM32F103 co processor control the grading machine from grading unit level action. Conveying synchronization to the roller, the plate high sensitivity switch electromagnet adsorption action. This paper mainly studies the following aspects: the overall optimization of third generation of red dates grading actuator. Mainly describes the overall optimization principle and scheme of classifier, expounds the working principle of the third generation classifier, emphatically introduces the working principle of the grading machine. Each component of the grading machine were introduced. The optimum matching between the grading machine. The floor, between the plate and gusset plate through the shaft link; the floor was determined by calculation, dialing plate size; according to the hysteresis loop of magnetic material in plate to determine the design of silicon steel sheet; dialing limiting device (angle and size); the spring hanging device is designed as a "horn" shape; the length of the spring. The electromagnet Selection and determination of installation position. According to the classification of jujube fruit, the total number of the electromagnet; the electromagnet dimensions, through the theoretical calculation of magnetic size and installation position; according to the advantages of high stability DC electromagnet, DC electromagnet. The choice of homing device and protection switch design. The rigid homing device dial plate homing effect is poor, easy to dial plate damage, so the design of homing wheel, the effect is obvious, to avoid the hard device on the dial plate homing trajectory; damage, because of the shifting plate for involute of circle, so the outer edge of homing wheel is designed into circular involute. In order to prevent. In normal homing designed protection switch to avoid dialing damage. Determination of reliability test and the classification speed of equipment. After determination of red dates grading speed reached 20 /s, the maximum capacity is second 1000kg/h. The grading speed of the jujube grader doubled, and the grading of 3 sizes and 1 green grades of jujube was achieved. The accuracy of classification was 93.7%, and the nondestructive rate was 100%. The fatigue test results were good, and no abnormal phenomena occurred.

【学位授予单位】：宁夏大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S226.5

【参考文献】