湿态发酵全价料对断奶仔猪生产性能和肠道发育的影响

发布时间：2018-04-19 06:25

本文选题：抗生素 + 微生态制剂　；参考：《河南农业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文旨在基础日粮中加入不同比例的湿态发酵全价料,探讨其对断奶仔猪的生产性能、粗蛋白消化率、血清生化指标、小肠黏膜结构和二糖酶活、肠道菌群的影响。试验选取体况良好、体重为(8.20±0.16)kg的杜×长×大型断奶仔猪160头,随机分配于以下5种日粮(每组4个重复,每个重复8头猪)中:1)基础日粮+20mg硫酸粘杆菌素+12mg恩拉霉素(抗生素组);2)基础日粮+0.1%枯草与地衣芽孢杆菌的复合型微生态制剂(微生态制剂组);3)10%湿态发酵全价料替代部分无抗基础日粮(10%发酵料组);4)20%湿态发酵全价料替代部分无抗基础日粮(20%发酵料组);5)30%湿态发酵全价料替代部分无抗基础日粮(30%发酵料组)。试验分成2个部分,结果如下:试验一:(1)与抗生素组和微生态制剂组相比,20%、30%发酵料组显著(P0.05)提高了仔猪的日增重;与抗生素组相比,发酵料组均显著(P0.05)降低了腹泻率,对料重比有一定的降低(P0.05);各处理组在仔猪的日采食量方面无显著差异(P0.05)。(2)日粮中添加适量的发酵料可在一定程度上提高仔猪的粗蛋白消化率(P0.05)。(3)与抗生素组相比,10%、30%发酵饲料组可显著(P0.05)提高仔猪血清的球蛋白水平;30%发酵饲料组显著(P0.05)提高了IgM含量,而发酵料组均对其它血清指标无显著影响(P0.05),但能在一定程度上提高仔猪血清中总蛋白水平和免疫球蛋白含量。与微生态制剂组相比,20%发酵饲料组显著(P0.05)提高了仔猪的血糖含量;发酵饲料组均使血清尿素氮水平下降(P0.05),但其血清酶(谷丙/草转氨酶)活、甘油三酯和相应胆固醇的浓度无显著差异(P0.05)。试验二:(1)20%、30%无抗发酵全价料组较抗生素组和微生态制剂组提高(P0.05)了仔猪粪样中乳酸菌数,且发酵料组均减少(P0.05)了大肠杆菌数,对酵母菌数有一定的提高(P0.05)。(2)与抗生素组相比,发酵料组均增加(P0.05)了仔猪的空肠VH、VH/CD值,降低了十二指肠CD;且10%、20%发酵全价料组增加(P0.05)了仔猪十二指肠VH、VH/CD;20%、30%发酵饲料组能显著(P0.05)增加仔猪回肠VH、VH/CD和降低回肠CD;20%发酵饲料组显著(P0.05)增加了十二指肠黏膜上皮内淋巴细胞数。(3)与抗生素组相比,发酵料组均显著(P0.05)提高了仔猪空肠蔗糖酶活,且20%、30%发酵料组显著(P0.05)提高了十二指肠麦芽糖酶活,30%发酵料组显著(P0.05)提高了其空肠乳糖酶活。(4)微生态制剂组和10%发酵料组对仔猪直肠菌群的相似性影响较大,而20%、30%发酵料组则对其结肠影响较大;除20%发酵料组外各处理组结肠菌群的多样性指数均高于直肠,且抗生素组均低于发酵料组;抗生素组和微生态制剂组仔猪结肠菌群的均衡度和丰富度相对高于直肠,且抗生素组的均衡度和丰富度均低于发酵料组。结果表明,在日粮中添加适量的湿态发酵全价饲料在一定程度上可提高断奶仔猪的生产性能,修复受损的肠道黏膜,提高二糖酶活,并改善菌群的平衡状态,提高断奶仔猪的抗病力和抗应激能力。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of different proportion of wet fermenting total feed on weaning piglets' production performance, crude protein digestibility, serum biochemical index, intestinal mucosal structure, disulase activity and intestinal flora.One hundred and sixty piglets with a body weight of 8.20 卤0.16)kg were randomly assigned to the following 5 diets (4 repeats in each group).20mg (antibiotic group 2) A compound microecological preparation of 0.1% subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis (microecological preparation group)Substitution of 10% fermentable diets with 10% non-resistant basal diets for 30% wet fermenting materials in 30% fermentable diets with 30% Wet fermenting materials for 30% fermentable diets without resistance to the basic diets of 20% non-resistant basal diets, and replacing 30% fermentable diets with 30% fermenting materials for 30% fermentable diets without resistance.The experiment was divided into two parts. The results were as follows: experiment 1: 1) compared with the antibiotic group and the microecological preparation group, the weight gain of piglets increased significantly (P0.05), and compared with the antibiotic group, the diarrhea rate decreased significantly in the ferment group (P 0.05).There was no significant difference in the daily feed intake of piglets among the treatments (P0.05. 0. 5%, P 0. 05. 0. 0. 2) the addition of appropriate amount of fermenting material to the diet could to some extent improve the crude protein digestibility of piglets (P0. 05%. P0. 05%)) compared with the antibiotic group, 1030% of the treatments had higher crude protein digestibility than that of the antibiotic group.The serum globulin level of piglets was significantly increased in fermenting feed group (P0.05), and the IgM content was increased in fermenting feed group (P0.05).However, the fermenting material group had no significant effect on other serum indexes, but it could improve the serum total protein level and immunoglobulin content in piglets to some extent.Compared with the microecological preparation group, the 20% fermenting feed group significantly increased the blood sugar content of the piglets, and the serum urea nitrogen level decreased P0.05%, but the activity of serum glutamic acid / oxaloacetic transaminase (glutamic acid / oxaloacetic transaminase) was decreased in the fermenting feed group.There was no significant difference between the concentration of triglyceride and cholesterol.In experiment 2, the number of lactic acid bacteria in fecal samples of piglets was increased in the 30% non-antiferment group (30%) compared with the antibiotic group and the microecological preparation group (P 0.05), and the number of Escherichia coli was decreased in the fermenting feed group, and the number of yeast was increased to a certain extent, compared with the antibiotic group.The VHH / CD / CD value of jejunum of piglets was increased in fermentative feed group (P 0.05), and the VHH / CD ratio in jejunum of piglets was increased.Decreased duodenal CDI, and increased P0.05 in 10% 20% fermenting whole feed group (P 0.05) significantly increased VHH / CD20% fermenting feed group (P0.05) increased VHN VHH / VHP / CD ratio and decreased ileum CD20% fermentative feed group (P0.05) increased duodenal mucosal epithelium Lymphoma significantly in piglets fed with VHH / CD20% fermentable feed group (P < 0.05).Compared with antibiotic group,The sucrase activity in jejunum of piglets was increased significantly in fermenting material group (P0.05).And 20% 30% fermentation material group significantly increased the duodenal maltase activity and 30% fermentation material group significantly increased the jejunum lactase activity. 4) the microecological preparation group and the 10% fermentation feed group had great influence on the similarity of rectal flora of piglets.The colonic diversity index of each treatment group except 20% fermenting material group was higher than that of rectum, and the antibiotic group was lower than that of fermenting material group.The equilibrium and richness of colonic flora of piglets in antibiotic group and microecological preparation group were higher than those in rectum, and the equilibrium and richness of antibiotic group were lower than those of fermenting material group.The results showed that the production performance of weaning piglets was improved, the damaged intestinal mucosa was repaired, the activity of disulase was improved, and the balance of bacterial flora was improved.To improve the ability of anti-disease and anti-stress of weaning piglets.
【学位授予单位】：河南农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S828.5

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