盐胁迫对甜菜品种筛选及幼苗生理生化性质的影响

发布时间：2018-05-09 02:13

本文选题：盐碱胁迫 + 甜菜　；参考：《内蒙古农业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：甜菜是糖料作物的主要来源之一。中国的甜菜种植和生产集中分布在北纬40度北部,其中包括北部三个产区。内蒙古是全国前三大甜菜产区之一,占中国甜菜总种植面积的36%以上,是中国甜菜总产量的39%左右,盐碱土种植甜菜已有百年的历史。研究盐碱土不同盐碱化程度对甜菜出苗率生长发育过程及其糖分积淀等品质影响具有重要的意义。本文以收集的15份耐盐碱甜菜种质资源为研究对象,进行大面积盆栽试验,设计出不同盐碱梯度处理对甜菜幼苗出苗率、干鲜重、叶绿素、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)含量及叶片质膜透性的影响。研究结果表明:1.通过对不同甜菜品种的耐盐性(盐碱含量梯度)、盐胁迫下生化指标(SOD、MDA、电导率)与叶绿素与干鲜三方面的初选与复选,通过试验对15份材料进行筛选,得出'H003'耐盐碱性较强、出苗率高,可作为本论文盆栽实验的主要栽培品种。2.盐碱胁迫使甜菜叶片的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性随着盐碱胁迫程度的增大,胁迫时间的延长呈先升高后降低的趋势,且下降幅度随之增大。3.甜菜幼苗叶片质膜透性和丙二醛(MDA)含量与盐碱胁迫程度的增加成正比关系,表明其受甜菜幼苗有机物积累呈过氧化状态,有机物累计积累显著减少。4.大量盆栽试验表明,在盆栽的整个过程中甜菜幼苗生长始终处于盐胁迫之中,但是随着生长发育进程盆栽土壤的盐碱化程度在逐渐减轻,pH值下降,说明甜菜幼苗的生长有改良作用,尤以NaCl、NaHCO_3含量下降最为明显。
[Abstract]:Sugar beet is one of the main sources of sugar crops. Sugar beet cultivation and production in China are concentrated in the north of latitude 40 degrees north, including the three northern regions. Inner Mongolia is one of the top three sugarbeet production areas in China, accounting for more than 36% of the total sugarbeet planting area in China and about 39% of the total sugarbeet yield in China. The sugarbeet has been planted in saline-alkali soil for a hundred years. It is of great significance to study the effects of different salinization degrees on the growth and development process of sugarbeet emergence rate and sugar accumulation in saline-alkali soil. In this paper, 15 salt-tolerant sugarbeet germplasm resources were collected as the research object, and a large area pot experiment was carried out, and different saline-alkali gradient treatments were designed to treat the seedling emergence rate, dry fresh weight and chlorophyll content of sugarbeet seedlings. Effects of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) on plasma membrane permeability of leaves. The results of the study show that 1: 1. The salt tolerance of different sugarbeet varieties (saline-alkali content gradient, biochemical index SOD MDA-conductivity), chlorophyll and dry fresh were selected and the results showed that H003'had strong salt-alkali tolerance. The seedling emergence rate is high, which can be used as the main cultivar of pot experiment in this paper. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in sugarbeet leaves increased with the increase of saline-alkali stress, and the stress time increased first and then decreased. The plasma membrane permeability and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the leaves of sugarbeet seedlings were in direct proportion to the increase of saline-alkali stress, which indicated that the content of organic matter in sugarbeet seedlings was peroxidation, and the accumulative accumulation of organic matter was significantly decreased by .4. A large number of pot experiments showed that the growth of sugarbeet seedlings was always under salt stress in the whole process of pot culture, but the salinization degree of potted soil decreased gradually with the development of growth. The results showed that the growth of sugarbeet seedlings was improved, especially the content of NaHCOC _ 3 decreased most obviously.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S566.3

【参考文献】