一种人工鱼礁及其成像系统的设计

发布时间：2018-05-18 12:32

本文选题：人工鱼礁 + 校核　；参考：《上海海洋大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：由于过度捕捞和环境污染,全球渔业资源持续下降,许多天然渔场遭到严重破坏,目前以人工鱼礁为主要修复手段的海洋牧场建设在世界各沿海国家得到迅猛发展,并且取得了良好的效果。人工鱼礁的种类和功能具有多样性,其集鱼效果是评价人工鱼礁设计是否合理的重要指标之一,目前我国都是通过潜水员潜到礁区拍摄的图片和视频来分析人工鱼礁的聚鱼效果,既受到了季节和温度的限制,又浪费了人力和物力。本文设计了一种可发电的人工鱼礁及其自动化的成像系统,鱼礁不仅为鱼类提供良好的生存环境,起到改善海洋生态环境的效果,而且能够对鱼礁的集鱼效果、礁体的稳定性、礁体的位置、礁体的投放进行实时的远程监控,可通过网络随时在电脑上查看拍摄的人工鱼礁区的图像资料,不受季节和温度的影响,利于人工鱼礁的设计、改进及海洋牧场自动化监控。所设计的人工鱼礁由人工鱼礁礁体、漂浮盘体和联结它们的吊具组成。成像系统装置则包含安放于漂浮盘体上的太阳能发电装置、pc Duino V3嵌入式开发电路板以及位于水下的拍摄装置。太阳能电池板为水下的拍摄装置和鱼礁礁体上的LED灯条提供能源,pc Duino V3嵌入式开发电路板可控制水下摄像头对鱼礁礁体周围的区域进行实时的监测。分别对以上各部分进行了结构设计,并确定了各部件的尺寸和材质,对鱼礁礁体综合性能的参数进行计算与校核。应用Fluent软件针对鱼礁体的两种布局进行流场效应的模拟仿真,模拟了0.2 m/s~1.4 m/s七种不同的来流速度,分别对这两种布局方式下的上升流的特性和背涡流的特性进行了分析,通过对两组模拟仿真数据的比较,得出正对组的布局方式更能发挥良好的流场效应的结论以便正确指导鱼礁投放。所设计的人工鱼礁的成像系统硬件平台是在pc Duino V3嵌入式开发板上建立的,软件平台是在Linux嵌入式操作系统的基础上开发的,本文完成了包括嵌入式开发板、USB摄像头、嵌入式操作系统的选择型设计,嵌入式开发平台的构建,motion的安装与图像参数的配置,网络文件共享系统的配置等,实现了水下图像的采集与无线传输。对设计的人工鱼礁礁体缩小一定比例进行了3D打印,放入水槽进行了模拟实验,通过模拟实验可以观测到人工鱼礁具有一定的聚鱼效果,可实现了水下图像采集和无线传输的功能,从而证明设计的正确性合理性,可实现海洋牧场人工礁区的自动监控。
[Abstract]:As a result of overfishing and environmental pollution, the global fishery resources have continued to decline, many natural fisheries have been severely damaged, and the construction of marine rangelands, the main means of remediation of artificial reefs, has been developing rapidly in coastal countries around the world, And achieved good results. The species and function of artificial reef are diverse, and its fish gathering effect is one of the important indexes to evaluate the rationality of artificial reef design. At present, all the images and videos taken by divers in the reef area are used to analyze the fish accumulation effect of artificial reef, which is not only limited by season and temperature, but also wasted manpower and material resources. In this paper, an artificial reef and its automatic imaging system are designed. The reef not only provides a good living environment for fish, but also improves the marine ecological environment. The location of the reef, the placement of the reef, and the real-time remote monitoring of the reef can be viewed on the computer at any time through the network and the image data of the artificial reef area can be viewed at any time. It is not affected by the season and temperature, and is conducive to the design of the artificial reef. Improvement and automatic monitoring of marine pasture. The designed artificial reef is composed of artificial reef body, floating plate body and hoist connecting them. The imaging system consists of a solar power generation device, a PC Duino V3 embedded development circuit board, and an underwater shooting device, which is mounted on a floating disk. Solar panels provide energy for underwater photographers and LED lamp strips on reef bodies. The embedded circuit board can control underwater cameras to monitor the area around the reef body in real time. The structure of each part was designed, and the size and material of each component were determined. The parameters of comprehensive performance of reef were calculated and checked. Using Fluent software to simulate the flow field effect of two different configurations of reef body, seven different incoming velocities of 0.2 m/s~1.4 m / s are simulated. The characteristics of upwelling current and back eddy current under these two layout modes are analyzed respectively. By comparing the two groups of simulation data, it is concluded that the layout of the two groups can play a better role in the flow field effect in order to guide the reef placement correctly. The hardware platform of the artificial reef imaging system is established on the PC Duino V3 embedded development board, and the software platform is developed on the basis of the embedded operating system of Linux. The selective design of embedded operating system, the construction of embedded development platform, the installation of motion and the configuration of image parameters, and the configuration of network file sharing system have realized the underwater image acquisition and wireless transmission. 3D printing was carried out on the designed artificial reef to reduce a certain proportion, and the simulated experiment was carried out in the flume. Through the simulation experiment, it can be observed that the artificial reef has a certain effect of fish accumulation. The functions of underwater image acquisition and wireless transmission can be realized, which proves the correctness and rationality of the design and realizes the automatic monitoring of artificial reef area of ocean pasture.
【学位授予单位】：上海海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S953.1;S951.2

【参考文献】