壳聚糖对蛋种鸡免疫功能的影响及其分子机理研究

发布时间：2018-06-20 00:34

本文选题：壳聚糖 + 蛋种鸡　；参考：《内蒙古农业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：本论文共分3个试验,研究了不同剂量壳聚糖对蛋种鸡免疫功能的影响及分子机理。试验采用单因子完全随机试验设计,将26周龄健康海兰褐蛋种鸡450只,随机分为5组,每组6个重复,每个重复15只,试验期56d。对照组饲喂基础日粮,其它4个试验组日粮分别是在基础日粮中添加250、500、1000、2000mg/kg壳聚糖配制而成。试验1研究了壳聚糖对蛋种鸡免疫功能的影响;试验2研究了壳聚糖对蛋种鸡一氧化氮(NO)代谢途径相关免疫指标及基因表达量的影响;试验3研究了壳聚糖对蛋种鸡血清与组织中的白介素-1(IL-1β)、白介素-2(IL-2)、白介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)、干扰素-y(IFN-γ)和核转录因子-κB(NF-κB)含量及其组织中的基因表达的影响,从免疫细胞因因子和NF-κB信号通路的角度探究了壳聚糖对蛋种鸡免疫功能影响的分子机理。试验结果如下:壳聚糖对蛋种鸡血清免疫球蛋白A(IgA)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)、可溶性CD8(sCD8)的影响存在显著的二次升高的剂量依赖效应,250、500mg/kg壳聚糖组对血清中IgA、IgM、sCD8含量促进效果较好,2000mg/kg的壳聚糖组对上述指标的促进作用减弱,甚至会出现抑制作用。壳聚糖对蛋种鸡血清NO含量、十二指肠和肝脏组织总一氧化氮合酶(TNOS)活性和诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)基因表达量的影响呈显著的二次升高剂量依赖效应,上述指标以250、500mg/kg剂量组促进效果较好,2000mg/kg剂量组促进作用减弱。与对照组相比,壳聚糖显著提高蛋种鸡肝脏、脾脏组织IL-1β、TNF-a、IFN-γ含量及肝脏、脾脏和十二指肠组织IL-2、IL-6含量,以250mg/kg、500mg/kg壳聚糖组上述指标含量较高,2000mg/kg壳聚糖组无显著差异。壳聚糖对蛋种鸡肝脏、脾脏和十二指肠组织IL-1β,脾脏和十二指肠组织1L-2,肝脏和脾脏NF-κB基因表达量呈显著的二次升高的剂量依赖效应,250、500mg/kg剂量组促进上述基因表达,2000mg/kg剂量组促进作用减弱。由以上结果可得出,壳聚糖促进蛋种鸡免疫功能的分子机理可能是:低剂量的壳聚糖通过激活NF-κB信号通路,诱导IL-1β、IL-2和iNOS的基因表达,促进了NO的生成与多种免疫活性物质的分泌,进而调节蛋种鸡免疫功能。综合上述多项试验结果得出,日粮添加壳聚糖促进蛋种鸡的免疫功能的适宜添加剂量为 250～500mg/kg。
[Abstract]:In this paper, three experiments were conducted to study the effects of different doses of chitosan on the immune function and molecular mechanism of laying chickens. A single factor complete random trial design was used to divide 450 healthy Hailan brown egg broilers of 26 weeks of age into 5 groups at random, with 6 replicates in each group, 15 in each, for 56 days. The control group was fed with basic diet, and the other four experimental groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 250mg / kg chitosan. In experiment 1, the effects of chitosan on the immune function of laying chickens were studied, and the effects of chitosan on the immune indexes and gene expression of nitric oxide (no) metabolism pathway in laying chickens were studied in experiment 2. Experiment 3 studied the effects of chitosan on the contents of IL-1 尾, IL-2, IL-6, TNF- 伪, IFN- 纬 and NF- 魏 BNF- 魏 B in serum and tissues of laying chicken. The molecular mechanism of the effect of chitosan on the immune function of laying hens was investigated from the point of view of immune cytokines and NF- 魏 B signaling pathway. The results are as follows: the effects of chitosan on serum immunoglobulin A (IgA), immunoglobulin (IgM) and soluble CD8 (CD8) in egg broilers were significantly increased in a dose-dependent manner: 250500 mg / kg chitosan group had a better effect on the promotion of IgAN IgMN / sCD8 content in serum of 2 000 mg / kg. The effect of chitosan group on the above indexes was weakened, There may even be inhibitory effects. The effects of chitosan on no content in serum, total nitric oxide synthase (TNOS) activity in duodenum and liver and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) gene expression were significantly increased in a dose dependent manner. The above indexes were better in 250500mg/kg group than in 2000 mg / kg group. Compared with the control group, chitosan significantly increased the contents of IL-1 尾 TNF-atIFN- 纬 in liver, spleen, liver, spleen and duodenum, but the above indexes in 250mg / kg and 500mg / kg chitosan group had no significant difference. The effect of chitosan on the liver of laying chicken, IL-1 尾 in spleen and duodenum, 1L 2 in spleen and duodenum, and NF- 魏 B gene expression in liver and spleen were significantly increased in a dose-dependent manner. From the above results, it is concluded that the molecular mechanism of chitosan promoting the immune function of laying chickens may be that low dose chitosan induces the gene expression of IL 1 尾, IL 2 and iNOS by activating NF- 魏 B signaling pathway. It promoted the production of no and the secretion of many kinds of immunoreactive substances, and then regulated the immune function of laying chicken. According to the above results, the optimum dosage of adding chitosan to diet to promote the immune function of laying hens was 250g / kg / kg.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S831.5

【相似文献】