东北、华北马铃薯黄萎病病原菌分离鉴定和遗传多样性及生物防治的初步研究

发布时间：2018-11-02 18:26

【摘要】：马铃薯黄萎病是近年来影响马铃薯产量和品质的主要病害之一,为了了解我国北方马铃薯产区马铃薯黄萎病的发生情况和病原菌种类,我们在2013-2015年在内蒙古、黑龙江、吉林、河北、山西、甘肃等马铃薯产区采集马铃薯病株,对其进行组织分离和菌种的鉴定。共分离到马铃薯黄萎病菌菌株132个,根据菌株形态及利用ITS和特异性引物鉴定,结果表明其中有72株大丽轮枝菌Verticilliumdahliae和60株黑白轮枝菌Verticilliumal6o-atrum。同时本试验利用ISSR标记方法对采集到的两种黄萎病菌分别进行遗传多样性分析,分析其亲缘关系与地理分布和致病力分化的相关性规律。采自不同地区的大丽轮枝菌与黑白轮枝菌的种内亲缘关系结果均表明,乌兰察布地区的菌株遗传距离与锡林郭勒盟、黑龙江、吉林、河北坝上几个地区的菌株遗传距离较远;基于不同致病力菌株的遗传多样性也表明,无论大丽轮枝菌还是黑白轮枝菌,强致病力菌株和中等致病力菌株组没有显著的遗传差异,但是弱致病力菌株与中等或强致病力菌株组均有显著性差异。生防菌筛选试验结果表明,菌株XT1-4对马铃薯黄萎病有明显的防治效果且防治效果在60%以上,应用16S rDNA序列分析,并结合其形态学以及革兰氏染色等生理生化指标的测定,将菌株XT1-4鉴定为特基拉芽孢杆菌Bacillus tequilensis。
[Abstract]:Verticillium wilt is one of the major diseases affecting the yield and quality of potato in recent years. In order to understand the occurrence of Verticillium wilt and the kinds of pathogenic bacteria in potato producing areas in northern China, we have been in Inner Mongolia, Heilongjiang Province from 2013 to 2015. Potato diseased plants were collected from potato producing areas in Jilin, Hebei, Shanxi and Gansu provinces. 132 strains of Verticillium dahliae were isolated and identified by ITS and specific primers. The results showed that 72 strains of Verticilliumdahliae and 60 strains of Verticilliumal6o-atrum. were isolated from Verticillium dahliae. At the same time, the genetic diversity of two species of Verticillium wilt collected was analyzed by ISSR marker method, and the correlation of genetic relationship with geographical distribution and pathogenicity differentiation was analyzed. The results showed that the genetic distance of the strains in Wulanchabu region was far from that in Xilingol League, Heilongjiang, Jilin and Bashang of Hebei. Based on the genetic diversity of different virulence strains, there was no significant genetic difference between the strong pathogenic strains and the moderate pathogenic strains, regardless of the number of rotifers or black-and-white rotifers. However, there were significant differences between weak virulence strains and moderate or strong virulence strains. The results of biocontrol screening test showed that XT1-4 had obvious control effect on Verticillium wilt of potato and the control effect was more than 60%. The 16s rDNA sequence analysis was used, and the physiological and biochemical indexes such as morphology and Gram staining were determined. Identification of Bacillus Tequila Bacillus tequilensis. by XT1-4
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S435.32

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