论俄语口语中的经济原则

发布时间：2018-07-10 09:14

本文选题：经济原则 + 经济现象　；参考：《东北师范大学》2005年硕士论文

【摘要】：语言是一种社会现象,它随着社会的发展而发展,随着社会的变化而变化,各种语言的发展变化都有一个共同的趋势,即“简化趋势”或“经济趋势”。人们使用语言总是要遵循经济原则,在交际中,力求用少量的语言传达尽可能多的意义,俄语也是如此。语言学家对经济原则的研究是多角度的。学者们从不同角度研究的经济原则反映出的思想主要体现在“省力”方面,认为省力的就是简单的,就是经济的,围绕着“省力”这一原则,语言学家们对语音,构词,词汇,句法等方面的经济现象作了大量的研究,对我们更好地认识和掌握语言起到了重要的作用。然而,应该看到,语言学界对经济现象的研究还多停留在语言的静态层面,对语言在使用的动态过程中所体现出的经济现象关注不够,忽视了语用层面上的经济现象。同时,学者们对经济原则的概括还只是从形式角度出发的,而忽视了言语的功能。我们赞同学者们把经济归为省力的思想,但同时认为,省力不仅包括语言在形式上的省略,即语词的缩减,句子的简化等现象,还包括语言在功能上的效用最大化,即一句话所能体现出的多层涵义。本论文以此为出发点,在前人研究的基础上,立足于口语层面,对经济原则的界定,表现方面和制约因素等方面做些研究与探索,提出了显性经济现象和隐性经济现象的概念,把间接言语行为纳为经济现象的一种,并尝试列举了几种常见的属于隐性经济现象的句子,从而把语言中经济现象的研究从静态的语音,语法层面扩展到了动态的语用层面,做到了动静结合,这是本文的重点。全文共分五部分一、经济原则概念的提出及其发展对语言学家从不同角度研究的经济原则进行总结,概括了人们在言语交际中遵循经济原则的原因,并把本文的研究立足于口语层面,指出本文研究重点。二、经济原则的表现手段和具体体现指出,言语中的经济原则体现为大量经济现象的出现,区分出了“显性经济现象”和“隐性经济现象”,并分别就其在语言学科中的表现进行了论述。三、经济现象的制约因素指出各种经济现象的产生和理解离不开语境因素的制约,语境是语言中经济原则存在的必要条件。四、经济现象的推理过程论述怎样结合语境,通过推理过程来理解各种经济现象。五、结论指出研究经济原则的意义。
[Abstract]:Language is a social phenomenon, which develops with the development of society and changes with the change of society. The development and change of various languages have a common trend, that is, "simplification trend" or "economic trend". People always follow the economic principle in their use of language. In communication, they try to convey as much meaning as possible in a small number of languages, as well as Russian. Linguists study economic principles from many angles. The economic principles studied by scholars from different angles are mainly reflected in the aspect of "labor-saving". They think that labor-saving is simple and economic, and around the principle of "labor-saving", linguists have a good understanding of pronunciation, word-formation, and vocabulary. A great deal of research has been done on economic phenomena such as syntax, which plays an important role in better understanding and mastering language. However, it should be noted that the study of economic phenomena in the field of linguistics is still focused on the static level of language, and the economic phenomena reflected in the dynamic process of language use are not paid enough attention to, and the economic phenomena at the pragmatic level are ignored. At the same time, the scholars generalize the economic principle from the angle of form, neglecting the function of speech. We agree with the scholars' idea that economy can be classed as labor-saving, but at the same time, we think that saving effort includes not only the omission of language in form, that is, the reduction of words, the simplification of sentences, and so on, but also the maximization of the functional utility of language. That is, a sentence can reflect the multi-level meaning. Based on the previous studies, this paper makes some research and exploration on the definition, performance and restrictive factors of economic principles, and puts forward the concepts of explicit economic phenomenon and implicit economic phenomenon. This paper considers indirect speech act as an economic phenomenon, and tries to enumerate several common sentences which belong to implicit economic phenomenon, thus extending the study of economic phenomenon in language from the static phonetic and grammatical level to the dynamic pragmatic level. This is the focus of this paper. The full text is divided into five parts. The introduction and development of the concept of economic principle sums up the economic principles studied by linguists from different angles, and summarizes the reasons why people follow the economic and economic principles in verbal communication. And this paper based on the oral level, pointing out the focus of this study. Second, the means of expression and concrete embodiment of economic principles point out that the economic principles in speech are embodied in the emergence of a large number of economic phenomena. This paper distinguishes the explicit economic phenomenon from the implicit economic phenomenon, and discusses their performance in the subject of language. Third, the restrictive factors of economic phenomena point out that the emergence and understanding of various economic phenomena can not be separated from the constraints of contextual factors. Context is the necessary condition for the existence of economic principles in language. Fourth, the reasoning process of economic phenomenon discusses how to understand various economic phenomena through the reasoning process. Fifth, the conclusion points out the significance of studying economic principles.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2005
【分类号】：H35

【引证文献】