中日主语省略的对照研究

发布时间：2018-02-04 04:04

本文关键词： 主语省略语言学对比研究汉语和日语　出处：《重庆大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在语言学界，省略似乎是所有语言里都存在的一个语法现象。而主语省略作为其中的一种形式，也不乏大量语言学家对主语省略进行研究和探讨。汉语和日语中的主语省略似乎远远多于英语，比较突出。可以说主语省略是汉语和日语一个共通的语法现象。为了考察研究汉语和日语中的主语省略的异同，本次研究主要通过语料数据收集制作、并对其进行对比分析，对汉语中的主语省略和日语中的主语省略进行对比研究。语料数据的收集主要以日中对译小说（原文为日文，译文为中文）、中日对译小说（原文为中文，译文为日文）为素材，收集其中的关于人称主语的承前省略的连续两个句子（有时中文是一句较长的复句），制作成200例的语料数据。本研究的主要内容分为以下五个部分：为了明确主语省略的概念，第一部分将对主语和主题加以界定，，说明本研究用中的“主题省略”就是“主语省略”的理由。第二部分按时间顺序整理和归纳中国语言学界对汉语主语省略的先行研究，得出到目前为止关于汉语中主语省略的主要研究成果。第三部分同样按照时间顺序整理和归纳日本语言学家关于日语中主语省略的先行研究，得出到目前为止关于日语中主语省略的主要研究成果，并与汉语主语省略的先行研究作对比，总结异同。第四部分采用实例分析的方法，将收集制作的200个语料数据进行对比分析，考察汉语和日语在主语省略上的异同。从这些数据分析的结果来看，总的来说日语中的主语省略多于汉语中的主语省略。汉语和日语在主语省略上有相同的地方，也有明显的不同之处。简言之，主题的势力范围影响、上下文的连续性和呼应性、语义连接等三个要素是汉语和日语在主语省略上的共同的规则。另外，视点的条件、时间的间隔、以及强调的要素是汉语和日语在主语省略上的主要的不同之处。
[Abstract]:Ellipsis seems to be a grammatical phenomenon in all languages, and the subject ellipsis, as one of the forms, has been studied and discussed by a large number of linguists. The subject ellipsis in Chinese and Japanese seems to be far more obvious than in English. It can be said that the subject ellipsis is a common grammatical phenomenon between Chinese and Japanese. In order to investigate the similarities and differences of subject ellipsis in Chinese and Japanese, this study is mainly made through data collection and comparative analysis. A comparative study of subject-ellipsis in Chinese and subject-ellipsis in Japanese is carried out. The collection of corpus data is mainly made up of Japanese-Chinese translation novels (original Japanese, translated in Chinese) and Chinese-Japanese translation novels (originally in Chinese). Japanese translation is used as the material to collect two consecutive sentences (sometimes Chinese is a longer complex sentence) about the person subject. The main content of this study is divided into the following five parts: in order to clarify the concept of subject ellipsis, the first part will define the subject and subject. The second part is to arrange and summarize the Chinese linguists' research on Chinese subject ellipsis in chronological order. The third part also arranges and induces the Japanese linguists' advance research on subject ellipsis in Japanese according to the chronological order. Draw the main research results about subject ellipsis in Japanese so far, and compare with the Chinese subject ellipsis, summarize the similarities and differences. 4th part uses the method of case analysis. This paper makes a comparative analysis of 200 language data collected and made to investigate the similarities and differences between Chinese and Japanese in subject ellipsis. In general, the subject ellipsis in Japanese is more than the subject ellipsis in Chinese. Chinese and Japanese have the same place and obvious difference in subject ellipsis. The continuity and coherence of context and semantic connection are the common rules of Chinese and Japanese in subject ellipsis. In addition, the condition of viewpoint and the interval of time. The main difference between Chinese and Japanese in subject ellipsis is emphasized.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H146;H36

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