词义演变对翻译的影响

发布时间：2018-03-24 19:26

本文选题：词义演变　切入点：感情色彩　出处：《吉林大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：词汇作为语言的要素，其词义与客观世界的关系最为密切。事物总是不断变化的，这种变化在词汇上有所体现，具体表现在词义的演变这一方面。词义的演变就是指词的意义随着事物的变化而发生改变的情况。词义演变是语义学的重要组成部分。作为语义学的一个重要课题，关于词义演变，国内外学者都有系统且深入的研究。本文运用词义演变的理论对日语词汇进行了探讨和分析，同时也对语义色彩的问题进行分析，进而探讨了其汉译的问题并提出相应的翻译策略。本文采用王力的三分法，首先概述了词义演变的相关概念，按照词义演变的扩大、缩小、转移三个类型，举例并进行分析。日语词汇按照其来源可分为固有词，汉语词，外来词和混合词。本文以日语的固有词，汉语词，外来词为中心，，分析其词义的演变并在此基础上探讨其汉译问题。主要是从词汇的角度研究如何选择译词。本文也研究了语义的上升和下降现象并探讨其翻译方法。固有词在长时间的使用中，存在三种词义演变的情况，固有词在翻译中需要注意的是要按照变化之后的词义把握与汉语的对应情况，根据原文的历史背景，明确其词义所指示的对象和范围。日语中的汉语词分为从中国传入的词和日本人创造的词。从中国传入的汉语词，有些经历了与汉语不同的演变过程，这类词在翻译中是需要格外注意的，翻译时必须把握语义的对应，否则会导致错译，造成译文信息的丢失。由日本人创造的汉语词，也存在词义演变的现象，翻译时需把握其变化过程。外来词在引入日本后，意义与原词产生差异，并且作为日语词使用过程中，其意义也会发生演变。外来词的翻译要按照在日语中的词义进行意义把握和翻译。词义语义色彩的改变作为词义转移的一个重要方面，翻译时影响着译词的选择。翻译时必须忠实于原文词语的感情色彩，使用感情色彩对等的译词去表达。
[Abstract]:Vocabulary, as an essential element of language, is most closely related to the objective world. The evolution of word meaning refers to the situation in which the meaning of words changes with the change of things. The evolution of meaning is an important part of semantics. On the evolution of word meaning, scholars at home and abroad have made a systematic and in-depth study. This paper uses the theory of word meaning evolution to discuss and analyze Japanese vocabulary, and also to analyze the problem of semantic color. Then it discusses the problem of its translation into Chinese and puts forward the corresponding translation strategies. Using Wang Li's three-point method, this paper first summarizes the related concepts of word meaning evolution, according to the expansion, reduction, transfer of three types of word meaning evolution, examples and analysis. Japanese vocabulary according to its source can be divided into inherent words, Chinese words, This paper focuses on the inherent words in Japanese, Chinese words, loanwords, and loanwords. This paper analyzes the evolution of its meaning and discusses its translation from the perspective of vocabulary. This paper also studies the phenomenon of semantic rise and decline and discusses its translation methods. In the long term use of inherent words, there are three kinds of word meaning evolvement. What we should pay attention to in the translation of inherent words is to grasp the corresponding situation between Chinese and Chinese according to the changing meaning, according to the historical background of the original text. The Chinese words in Japanese are divided into words introduced from China and words created by the Japanese. Some of the Chinese words introduced from China have undergone a different process of evolution from Chinese to Chinese. This kind of words need to be paid special attention to in translation. We must grasp the semantic correspondence in translation, otherwise it will lead to mistranslation, resulting in the loss of translation information. Chinese words created by the Japanese also have the phenomenon of word meaning evolvement. The meaning of loanwords in Japan is different from that of the original words, and the loanwords are used as Japanese words. The meaning of the loanword should be understood and translated according to the meaning of the word in Japanese. The change of semantic color of the word meaning is an important aspect of the transfer of the word meaning. Translation must be faithful to the emotional color of the original word and express it with the equivalent of emotional color.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：H36

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