《思想史中的马克思—资本主义何去何从》第1-4章的翻译实践报告

发布时间：2018-05-27 16:19

本文选题：西方思想史 + 彼特·纽马克　；参考：《南京大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：本次翻译实践选用的文本是《思想史中的马克思——资本主义何去何从》的第一章至第四章。本报告是对此次翻译实践的分析和总结。《思想史中的马克思——资本主义何去何从》是一本社会科学类著作,作者主要从西方近代社会哲学和思想史的角度对马克思主义以及《资本论》的现代意义进行阐述。在第一章到第四章中,作者主要介绍了资本主义的两面性、马克思和洛克等诸多西方思想家的观点及著作,内容涉及经济、政治、环境、社会、哲学思想和历史等各方面的问题,行文主旨鲜明,思路清晰,逻辑严密,专有名词颇多,具有一定的专业性。在翻译时,必须正确理解原文,确保译文的正确性、严密性、规范性和可读性。这也是本次翻译实践的翻译目标。英国著名的翻译理论家—一彼特·纽马克针对翻译提出的"文本类型论"、"交际翻译和语义翻译"为我们提供了一个有关翻译的崭新视角。纽马克首先对语言功能进行归类,并据此对内容和文体不同的文本进行了分类,其中包括信息型文本和表达型文本等多种文本类型;同时,他认为针对不同的文本类型需要采用不同的翻译对策,提出了语义翻译和交际翻译等策略。在很大程度上,语义翻译有助于提高译文的正确性和严密性,交际翻译有助于增强译文的可读性。根据此次原文本的内容和特征以及确立的翻译目标,笔者认为纽马克的这种翻译理论非常有助于此次翻译目标的实现和翻译质量的提升,可以把它运用于本次翻译实践。笔者在着手翻译原文时,将其翻译过程大致分为三个步骤:首先通过查阅字典和中文资料进行初译;然后进行多次修改;最后校对定稿。在具体的翻译方法和技巧方面,笔者在报告中主要从长句翻译、主语省略句翻译和术语翻译这三方面着手,通过举例分析来进行探讨。在长句的翻译过程中,笔者在追求译文的正确性、严密性和规范性的同时,也力求将长句表达得更清晰易懂,符合中文的语言习惯,为此主要运用了 "调整语序"、"分译"和"添加连接成分"等翻译方法和技巧;在主语省略句的翻译过程中,为了更清晰地表达文章脉络,确保译文的严密性和可读性,笔者在把握原文内容和上下文语境的基础上,在译文中添加了相应主语;在术语的翻译过程中,笔者也参考了有关术语的翻译原则(如正确性、规范性、简洁性和透明性等),而且笔者还注意到文本中的大量术语在中国都有约定俗成的译文,因而主要采用了调查已有固定译文的方法,其中也提出了一些需要注意的问题。笔者依据上述思路,将报告的正文部分共分为三个章节。第一章主要阐述翻译前的准备工作,包括对原文内容及特征的分析、翻译目标的设定、翻译理论的选择等内容。第二章分别对纽马克的文本类型论、语义翻译与交际翻译等翻译理论和原文的翻译过程进行具体分析和说明。第三章主要分析具体的翻译方法和技巧。在报告的结尾部分,笔者总结了在本次翻译实践中的收获和不足等。总而言之,笔者在灵活运用上述纽马克的翻译论的基础上,也参考了有关术语的翻译原则,并灵活使用多种翻译方法和技巧,力求既可以正确传达原文意义,又可以确保译文的严密性、规范性和可读性。希望通过本次翻译实践,能够加深笔者对翻译的认识和思考,有助于今后的翻译实践活动。
[Abstract]:The text of the translation practice is the first chapter to chapter fourth of Marx in the history of thought - the course of capitalism in the history of capitalism. This report is an analysis and summary of the practice of this translation. Marx, in the history of thought, is a Book of social science, and the author mainly from the modern western social philosophy and the philosophy of society. In the first chapter to the fourth chapter, the author mainly introduces the two sides of capitalism, the views and works of many western thinkers, such as Marx and Rock, and the content involving economic, political, social, social, philosophical and historical issues in the first chapter to the fourth chapter. In the translation, we must correctly understand the original text and ensure the correctness, tightness, normality and readability of the translation. This is also the translation goal of this translation practice. A famous British translation theorist, Pete Newmark, puts forward the translation. The "text type theory", "communicative translation and semantic translation" provides us with a new perspective on translation. First, Newmark classifies the function of language and classifies the text with different content and style, including various text types such as informative text and expressive text. At the same time, he thinks that the different types of text are different. The text types need to adopt different translation strategies and put forward the strategies of semantic translation and communicative translation. To a great extent, semantic translation helps to improve the correctness and tightness of the translation, and the communicative translation helps to enhance the readability of the translation. The translation theory of Newmark is very helpful to the realization of the translation goal and the improvement of the quality of translation. It can be applied to the translation practice. The author divides the translation process into three steps: first, first translation through consulting the dictionary and Chinese materials; and then revising many times; In the specific translation methods and techniques, in the report, the author mainly deals with the three aspects of the translation of long sentences, the translation of the omission of the subject and the translation of terms. In the process of the translation of long sentences, the author strives to express the long sentence at the same time in pursuit of the correctness, tightness and normality of the translation. It is more clear and easy to understand and conforms to the Chinese language habits. For this purpose, the author mainly uses the translation methods and techniques such as "adjusting the word order", "dividing" and "adding connection elements". In the process of the translation of the omission sentence of the subject, in order to express the text clearly and ensure the tightness and readability of the translation, the author holds the basis of the original content and context context. In the translation process of the term, the author also referred to the translation principles of terms (such as correctness, normalization, simplicity and transparency), and the author also noted that a large number of terminology in the text had a conventional translation in China, and was mainly used to investigate the existing fixed translations. According to the above thought, the main body of the report is divided into three chapters. The first chapter mainly expounds the preparation before translation, including the analysis of the content and characteristics of the original text, the setting of translation goals, the selection of translation theory and so on. The second chapter is the text of Newmark's text respectively. Type theory, semantic translation and communicative translation and other translation theories and the translation process of the original text are analyzed and explained in detail. The third chapter mainly analyzes the specific translation methods and techniques. In the end of the report, the author sums up the gains and shortcomings in the translation practice. On the basis of translation theory, we also refer to the translation principles of the terminology, and use various translation methods and techniques flexibly to not only convey the meaning of the original text correctly, but also ensure the tightness, normalization and readability of the translation. Through this translation practice, we can deepen my understanding of translation and help to translate the translation into future translation. Practical activities.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H36

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