日语对话文当中对称词的用法

发布时间：2019-04-24 03:20

【摘要】：我们在日常生活与人交流的过程中,一般都会使用某种称呼。在日语当中,呼喊或者所指为对方时,选择合适的措辞是非常重要的。因此,本论文将在前人研究成果的基础上,分析从电视剧本中收集的例句,进而研究日语对话文当中对称词的用法。本次将会从会话管理,感情传达,人称限制等角度来对其用法进行考察。本论文由五部分构成。第一章在汇总前人的研究成果的基础上,阐明本文的研究目的和研究方法。第二章在前人的分类方法的基础上,将对称词从意思的角度分为八种:(1)人名(2)人称代词(3)职位名称(4)亲属名称(5)其他代用表达(6)方向指示代词(7)昵称(8)其他。接着,从一般用法和特殊用法两个角度来对这八种对称词的用法进行详细考察。在第三章中,首先分析一般用法。从人称代词和方向指示代词中各选取一些典型例句,从语法上将其分为呼格用法和文内指示用法。再从这些典型例句当中选取最有代表性的(?)的相关例句,在东出(2015)的研究的基础上,从会话管理功能和感情传达功能的角度进行分析。从会话管理的角度来看,拥有呼格用法的人称代词和方向指示代词,在作为对称词使用时,在引起听话者注意,转让话语权,维持话语权,前置,话题转换等功能方面发挥着巨大的作用。与此相反,拥有文内指示用法的对称词,不具备会话管理的功能。从语用论的角度来说,拥有呼格用法的人称代词在作为对称词使用时,可以表达责备,斥责,感动,感谢,不满,质疑,批评等感情,比文内指示用法的范围更广。拥有呼格用法的方向指示代词在使用时的感情传达功能较弱。作为文内指示用法在使用时表达责备,不满,批评,撒娇等感情。另外,根据说话者心理态度的不同,各种对称词的使用选择也不同。第四章结合收集到的例句,对对称词的特殊用法进行分析。从使用授受表达的场合,使用敬语表达的场合,对称词的转用现象等三个角度来进行论证。授受表达和敬语表达中的对称词有着特殊的用法,人称限制作用发挥着很大的作用。省略人称代词,暗示人称或者方向性的情况有很多。另外,不只是各种人称之间,各种对称词之间也会发生转用现象。第五章是本论文的总结以及今后的课题。本文将作为对称词使用的人称代词和方向指示代词,以及结合敬语表达和授受表达来论述对称词的用法,今后将以"其他"种类中对称词为研究课题继续研究。
[Abstract]:We usually use some kind of title in the process of communicating with people in our daily life. In Japanese, it is important to choose the right wording when shouting or referring to each other. Therefore, based on the previous research results, this paper will analyze the sample sentences collected from the TV script, and then study the usage of the appellation in the Japanese dialogue. This time will examine its usage from the perspectives of conversation management, emotional communication, personal restriction and so on. This paper consists of five parts. In the first chapter, on the basis of summarizing the previous research results, the purpose and research methods of this paper are expounded. In the second chapter, on the basis of the former classification methods, It is divided into eight kinds from the angle of meaning: (1) person name (2) person pronoun (3) position name (4) relative name (5) other pronoun (6) direction indicator pronoun (7) nickname (8) others. Then, from the perspective of general usage and special usage, this paper makes a detailed study on the usage of these eight kinds of appellations. In the third chapter, we first analyze the general usage. Some typical sentences are selected from personal pronouns and directional demonstrative pronouns, and they are divided into two parts from grammatical point of view: call case usage and intra-text demonstrative use. Then select the most representative (?) On the basis of the study of East out (2015), this paper analyzes the functions of conversation management and emotional communication from the point of view of conversation management function and emotional communication function. From the perspective of conversation management, personal pronouns and direction-indicating pronouns with the usage of call case, when used as symmetrical words, attract the attention of the listener, transfer the right to speak, maintain the right to speak, and preposition, Topic switching and other functions play a huge role. In contrast, symmetrical words with indicative usage in the text do not have the function of session management. From the perspective of pragmatics, personal pronouns with hogative usage can express feelings such as reproach, reprimand, moving, thanking, discontent, questioning, criticism and so on when used as symmetrical words, which is wider than the scope of demonstrative usage in the text. Direction-indicating pronouns with Hookcase usage have a weak emotional communication function when they are used. Used as instructions to express feelings of reproach, discontent, criticism, coquetry, etc. In addition, according to the different psychological attitude of the speaker, the choice of the use of all kinds of symmetrical words is also different. The fourth chapter analyzes the special usage of symmetrical words in combination with the examples collected. It is demonstrated from three angles: the use of recipient expression, the use of honorific expression, and the phenomenon of diversion of addressing words. Symmetrical words in the expression of grantee and honorific have special usage, and the restriction of person plays a very important role. There are many situations in which personal pronouns are omitted, implying person or directionality. In addition, it is not only between persons, but also between symmetrical words. The fifth chapter is the summary of this paper and the topic in the future. In this paper, personal pronouns and directional demonstrative pronouns used as symmetrical words, combined with honorific expression and recipient expression, are used to discuss the usage of symmetrical words. In the future, "other" categories of symmetrical pronouns will continue to be studied.
【学位授予单位】：北京外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H36

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