从关联顺应论的角度看日译汉的语用失误及其翻译策略

发布时间：2019-06-06 15:32

【摘要】：语言作为人类传递信息的重要交际工具，推进着社会的发展。当今对于语言的研究视野重点也从对语言实体本身的研究转向了对直接影响语言的社会文化和如何使跨文化交际顺利进行的方向。换言之，由于语言、思维模式及文化背景等各方面的差异，人们在交流过程中难免出现语用失误，引起冲突或误解，使得语言交际遇到障碍，从而不能达到预期的交际效果。目前国内学者对语用失误的研究多集中于汉英翻译策略的研究。而随着中日文化经济交流的不断扩大，中日之间的跨文化交际的范围和规模也在不断扩大，这方面的研究要求也越来越突出。本文先从语言的概念入手来阐述，说明了跨语言跨文化交际的必然存在性。此后论述论文的研究目的及研究方法，主要是以西安外国语大学2006级日语专业学生的日汉翻译作业为研究对象，通过分析他们的语用失误从而总结出应对语用失误的对策，使得日语学习者在今后能够减少或尽量避免出现类似的语用失误，从而能够更加顺利的进行跨文化交际。作为理论依据，本论文中的先行研究部分分别对语用论，关联性理论，顺应性理论，以及由此而生成的关联顺应模式进行了详细的研究和描述。关联性理论和适应性理论分别有其局限性，将二者真正结合起来作为翻译的研究理论才是更加完善的。论文中还对近年来国内对于关联顺应论的研究历史进行了总结，每一项理论诞生之后都是一个在肯定与否定的相互交替中不断完善和发展进步的。然后，论文对语用失误的定义及分类进行了陈述，语用失误主要分为两大类，即单纯的语言语用失误和社交性的语用失误。前者更偏向于基础知识的掌握，即语言能力语言水平。后者主要是文化习俗方面考虑，语言水平即使再高，如果不了解交际语言双方的文化特征也是无用的。最后论文的实例分析部分先是对一些典型的例句进行了详细的分析，指出容易出错的一些规则，，其后是抽取部分日汉译文，选取其中某些段落，并结合不同学生翻译的结果进行比对和总结，从而分析并得出语用失误的应对策略。
[Abstract]:Language, as an important communication tool for human beings to transmit information, promotes the development of society. Nowadays, the focus of language research has changed from the study of language entity itself to the direction of social culture that directly affects language and how to make cross-cultural communication proceed smoothly. In other words, due to the differences in language, mode of thinking and cultural background, it is inevitable that pragmatic failures will occur in the process of communication, which will lead to conflicts or misunderstandings, and make language communication encounter obstacles, thus failing to achieve the desired communicative effect. At present, most of the domestic scholars' research on pragmatic failure focuses on Chinese-English translation strategies. With the continuous expansion of cultural and economic exchanges between China and Japan, the scope and scale of cross-cultural communication between China and Japan are also expanding, and the research requirements in this area are becoming more and more prominent. This paper begins with the concept of language and explains the inevitable existence of cross-linguistic cross-cultural communication. After that, this paper discusses the purpose and research methods of the thesis, mainly taking the Japanese-Chinese translation homework of Japanese major students of Grade 2006 of Xi'an Foreign Studies University as the research object, and summing up the countermeasures to deal with the pragmatic failure by analyzing their pragmatic failures. So that Japanese learners can reduce or avoid similar pragmatic failures in the future, so that cross-cultural communication can be carried out more smoothly. As the theoretical basis, the first research part of this paper makes a detailed study and description of pragmatics, relevance theory, compliance theory, and the resulting relational adaptation model. Relevance theory and adaptability theory have their limitations respectively, so it is more perfect to combine them as translation research theories. In this paper, the research history of relevance adaptation theory in China in recent years is also summarized, and after the birth of each theory, it is constantly improved and developed and improved in the alternation of affirmation and negation. Then, the paper states the definition and classification of pragmatic failures, which are mainly divided into two categories, namely, simple pragmatic failures and social pragmatic failures. The former is more inclined to master the basic knowledge, that is, the language level of language ability. The latter is mainly considered in terms of cultural customs. Even if the language level is high, it is useless not to understand the cultural characteristics of both sides of the communicative language. Finally, in the case analysis part of the paper, some typical examples are analyzed in detail, and some error-prone rules are pointed out, followed by the extraction of some Japanese and Chinese translations and the selection of some of the paragraphs. Combined with the results of different students' translation, this paper compares and summarizes the results of pragmatic failure, and then analyzes and obtains the coping strategies of pragmatic failure.
【学位授予单位】：西安外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H36

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