清末民国海上书画家润例与生存状态研究

发布时间：2018-02-09 18:09

本文关键词： 润例海上书画家生存状态清末民国　出处：《浙江大学》2007年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 近代以来上海商业化进程导致了繁荣的海上书画交易，而海上书画的繁荣是以润例为中介来实现的，对清末民国以来海上书画润例的研究，不仅能让我们进一步了解当时上海商业化程度和书画交易情况，还能让我们进一步了解当时在上海生活的书画家们的生存状态。艺术家的生存状态分为三个层次：第一层次是普通人的生活质量、生活水平、生活关系；第二层次是艺术家的创作状态和以艺术品为中介的人际关系；第三层次是文化人的社会参与程度、社会关系。通过对近代海上书画润例及以润例为中介的书画交易活动的分析，本文试图揭示当时海上书画家们的生活质量与生活水平、创作状态与人际关系、社会角色与社会责任等方面内容。全文共分八个部分：绪论从近代上海的商业化进程对上海书画市场影响的角度，分别探讨了近代上海的商业化进程、明清以降江浙商业传统与上海书画市场的形成、商业化进程中的海上书画家等问题，提出书画家已经不再是传统意义上的艺术家，而是具有现代意义上的艺术商品生产者这一观点。同时，这部分还介绍了本课题研究的现状、意义、视角、思路和研究方法。第一章从历史学和经济学角度，，对润例本身进行了研究。从历史学的角度，本文对润例概念的历史发展进行了梳理，探讨了“润例”概念的历史沿革，分析了清末民国时期上海书画润例兴起的历史基础。从经济学的角度，着重分析了润例的经济学内涵，包括润例与价值的关系、润例与价格的关系及书画润例的柔性定价性质等问题。第二章是关于润例的制定、发布及实现途径的研究。清末民国书画市场的显著特征，就是书画家能较好地运用各种媒体和中介发布润例，进行有效的广告宣传和推销。而此时润例的制定方式、类型、实现途径等方面都表现出了多样性，这些都构成海上书画市场成熟的标志之一。第三章运用社会学的方法分析了书画家及其作品购藏者的不同职业和身份分类，帮助我们全面理解书画家的生活世界，探讨了海上书画购藏人的购藏心理对书画家创作状态的影响。同时，这些购藏者还是海上书画家们最重要的人际交往对象，是书画家生活圈子的重要组成部分。第四章运用统计学的方法，分析了书画家的不同社会层次和不同生活水平层次。在海上书画家与其他行业尤其是其他文化行业从业者的收入情况对比中，本文初步认为，海上书画家的生活收入高于当时上海市民的平均收入，海上书画家的平均生活水平高于当时的上海市民的平均收入水平，他们的生活水平与其他文化人士相当。本章还分析了影响海上书画家生活水平的其他因素。第五章研究了海上书画家在润例发布中体现出的社会角色及社会责任。海上书画家们在润例发布和书画交易中，体现出书画家们在自觉地扮演一定的社会角色、承担一定的社会责任，以谋求社会承认的心态。本文重点分析了海上书画家所扮演的现代商业广告主体这一社会角色，同时将海上书画家所承担的社会责任与赈灾义卖等社会公益事业结合起来，体现出商业社会书画家们独特的生存方式。第六章运用比较的方法，对京派与海派进行了比较。这种比较分两方面：京派书画与海派书画的不同市场化程度和受此因素影响京派与海派书画家的不同生存状态。海派以现代艺术市场运作为特征，京派以传统书画流通方式为特征：北京书画家多与官僚交接，而上海书画家多与商人亲近。结语探讨了书画润例的表现形式与传播方式的变迁过程，揭示了海上书画润例折射出的书画家的生存状态以及海上书画润例在书画商品化进程中的作用、海上书画润例在商品化进程中存在的问题及润例对当代书画市场的启示。
[Abstract]:Since modern Shanghai commercial process led to the boom of the sea and the sea of painting and calligraphy painting and calligraphy exchange, prosperity is to remuneration as an intermediary to achieve the study on marine remuneration in the late Qing Dynasty since the Republic of China, not only allows us to further understand that Shanghai commercial and trading and, so that we can further understand the survival state of painting and calligraphy people living in Shanghai at that time.
The artist's survival state is divided into three levels: the first level is the quality of life of ordinary people living standard and life relations; the second level is the creation of artists and art as an intermediary state in interpersonal relationship; the third level is the human culture and social participation, social relations. Through the analysis of modern remuneration and to the sea the remuneration for intermediary and trading activities, the paper tries to reveal that the artists' quality of life and standard of living, the creation of the state and the interpersonal relationship, social roles and social responsibility and other aspects.
The full text is divided into eight parts:
The introduction from the commercialization of modern Shanghai calligraphy and painting market in Shanghai influence angle, discusses the commercialization process of modern Shanghai, Jiangsu and Zhejiang in Ming and Qing Dynasties formed commercial tradition and Shanghai art market, in the process of commercialization of the sea painter, painting and calligraphy has been put forward is not the traditional sense of the artist, but this is a view of modern art commodity producers. At the same time, this part also introduces the present situation, the research significance, perspectives, ideas and research methods.
The first chapter from the angle of history and economics, the remuneration itself is studied. From the perspective of history, the historical development of the concept of the remuneration is reviewed, discussed the history of the "Remuneration" concept, analyzes the history of Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China Shanghai based remuneration rise. From the angle of economics, analyzes the economics the connotation of remuneration, including the relationship between remuneration and value, and the relationship between the price of the remuneration remuneration and flexible pricing nature of the problem.
The second chapter is about the establishment of remuneration, approach and implementation features. Released in late Qing painting market, is painting and calligraphy can better use of various media and intermediary remuneration for effective advertising, publicity and marketing. The way, while making the remuneration of the type, the way show diversity all these constitute one symbol of the sea, calligraphy and painting market.
The third chapter uses the method of Sociology Analysis of different occupation and identity classification of artists and their works collectors, help us fully understand the art of life world, to investigate the effect of marine painting Tibetan psychology on the purchase of the purchase of painting creation state. At the same time, these collectors or artists are the most important interpersonal communication is an important part of the object, and the circle of life.
The fourth chapter uses statistical methods, analysis of the painting and calligraphy of the different levels and different levels of social life in the sea. Painting and other industries especially the comparative income of other cultural industry practitioners, this paper believes that the average income of the artists living in the Shanghai people's high income, the average income level of the average life the level of painting and calligraphy of the sea was higher than the people of Shanghai, their standard of living and other cultural figures. This chapter also analyzes other factors which affect the artists living standards.
The fifth chapter studies the artists in the social role and social responsibility reflects the remuneration in the publication. The artists in painting and calligraphy and the remuneration released transaction, reflects the artists play certain roles in consciously, commitment to social responsibility, to seek social recognition attitude. This paper focuses on the analysis of the sea painting and calligraphy played by modern commercial advertising the social role, while the artists assume social responsibility and relief charity and other public welfare undertakings combine to reflect the commercial society of artists unique modes of living.
The sixth chapter uses the comparative method of Beijing and Shanghai are compared. It is divided into two aspects: different degree of market of Beijing and Shanghai Painting and calligraphy and painting by different survival state of the influencing factors of Beijing and Shanghai. Shanghai painting to modern art market as features, the characteristics of traditional painting and calligraphy circulation: Beijing painting and calligraphy officals, while Shanghai and many businessmen close.
The conclusion discusses the changing process of form and mode of transmission of remuneration, revealing the role of sea remuneration reflects the painter's survival state and sea remuneration in painting in the process of commercialization, problems and Enlightenment in the commercialization of the remuneration in the remuneration of contemporary art market.

【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：J209.2

【引证文献】