社区慢性病老年人自我保健现状及影响因素研究

发布时间：2018-03-06 09:19

本文选题：慢性病　切入点：老年人　出处：《锦州医科大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：目的调查与分析社区慢性病老年人自我保健现状,了解老年人自我保健的需求,探讨影响老年人自我保健的关键性因素并提出切实可行的对策。为提高老年人自我保健水平提供科学依据,以提升老年人晚年的生活质量。方法采用便利抽样的方法,应用自行设计的调查问卷对居住在锦州市凌河区、古塔区和太和区的597名慢性病老年人进行调查。调查问卷分为慢性病老年人一般资料,所患慢性病情况,自我保健情况,自我保健知识的获取途径,自我保健行为和自我保健知识情况。采用SPSS17.0软件包对收集的信息和数据进行统计学处理。本研究采用了描述性分析、t检验、单因素方差分析和卡方检验,多元逐步线性回归分析用于老年人自我保健知识的影响因素分析,Logistic回归分析用于老年人自我保健意识的影响因素分析。以P0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果本次共发放调查问卷620份,全部回收,回收率为100%,剔除无效问卷23份,有效问卷597份,有效回收率为96.29%。老年人所患主要疾病是:高血压(55.9%)、心脏病(41.5%)、骨关节疾病(38.9%)。老年人自我保健知识获取的主要途径是:医生或护士的健康宣教(72.7%)、健康讲座(61.1%)、病友间的交流(56.4%)。老年人自我保健知识认知水平得分(4.31±2.74)分,得分率是53.88%。采用多元逐步线性回归分析,结果显示,老年人自我保健知识认知水平得分的影响因素为:年龄、文化程度、医疗背景、既往职业、自我保健时间、是否注重自我保健、自我保健知识来源、是否相信广告宣传的自我保健、是否接受过自我保健的健康教育(P0.05)。采用Logistic回归分析,结果显示,老年人自我保健意识的影响因素包括:年龄、文化程度、医疗背景、既往职业、月收入、自我保健时间、自我保健知识来源、是否接受过自我保健的健康教育(P0.05)。结论社区慢性病老年人普遍自我保健认知水平较低,自我保健意识有待提高。各级政府及相关医疗机构应该高度重视老年人的自我保健,积极开展健康教育,加强老年人自我保健意识,改善老年人的自我保健行为,提高慢性病老年人晚年的生活质量。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the status of self health care and analysis of community chronic disease of the elderly, the elderly understand the self health care needs, the key factors affecting the elderly health and put forward the feasible countermeasures. To provide scientific basis for improving the level of self care for the elderly, the elderly in order to improve the quality of life in old age. Methods by convenience sampling method and the application of self-designed questionnaire on living in Linghe District of Jinzhou City, 597 chronic diseases of the elderly in Guta district and Taihe District were investigated. The questionnaire is divided into chronic disease of the elderly suffering from chronic disease data, self-care, self health care access to knowledge, knowledge and self-care behavior self care. Statistical package to collect information and data by SPSS17.0 software. This study adopts descriptive analysis, t test, single factor variance analysis and Chi Square test, multiple linear regression analysis for factors affecting the elderly self-care knowledge analysis, Logistic regression analysis for the factors affecting the elderly self health care consciousness by P0.05 analysis. The difference was statistically significant. Results a total of 620 questionnaires, full recovery, the recovery rate is 100%, excluding 23 invalid questionnaires copies of 597 valid questionnaires, the effective recovery rate was 96.29%. old people with diseases were hypertension (55.9%), heart disease (41.5%), bone and joint diseases (38.9%). The main way of the elderly self-care knowledge acquisition path is: the doctor or nurse health education (72.7%), health (61.1%), the communication between the patients (56.4%). The knowledge scores of self care elderly (4.31 + 2.74) points, scoring rate is 53.88%. by stepwise linear regression analysis results showed that the knowledge scores of self care for the elderly. The influencing factors included age, educational level, occupation, medical background, self health care, pay attention to whether or not the self health care and self health care knowledge sources, whether you believe in self health care advertising, whether to accept health education of Health (P0.05). By Logistic regression analysis showed that factors including self health care consciousness of elderly the age, education level, medical background, occupation, monthly income, self care, self health care knowledge sources, whether to accept health education of Health (P0.05). Conclusion the community chronic disease of the elderly generally self health cognitive level is low, the self health care consciousness should be improved at all levels of government and relevant medical institutions. We should attach great importance to the self health care of the elderly, and actively carry out health education, strengthen the elderly self health care consciousness, improve the self health behavior of the elderly, improve the senile chronic disease The quality of life of a person in his later years.

【学位授予单位】：锦州医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R473.2

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