基于物理模拟的水波建模及光影特效的研究与实现

发布时间：2018-05-21 17:53

本文选题：计算机图形学 + 水波模拟　；参考：《东北师范大学》2009年硕士论文

【摘要】： 近年来,自然景物的模拟一直是计算机图形学最具挑战的问题之一,关于山水等自然景物的模拟,在计算机游戏、影视、广告各领域中有着广泛的用途,作为自然景物模拟的重要内容,对水流、水波的模拟正日益引起人们的关注,但与其他景物模拟相比,关于水流的模拟又更为困难,这是因为水流在不同情况下形态各异,而且其显示又有着特殊的要求。水流的运动具有不光滑性、不确定性、不规则性以及运动变化性,而且这种变化是非常复杂、混乱的,还会受到周围环境的影响,要正确地对其运动进行仿真,关键在于建立恰当的水流模型,并且要采用适当的渲染方法。本文在深入了解了完整流体力学方程以及在各种模拟工作中的简化形式的基础上,分析总结了各种模型的适用范围,最后根据本文的实际需要选用简化的二Navier-Stokes方程作为水波的模型。总结了有限差分法和有限体积法对二维N-S方程的求解过程以及它们在流体力学应用中的优缺点。根据需求,最后采用了有限体积法对方程进行数值计算,使得求方程稳定且效率高。选用了无结构网格和有限体积法的组合进行水波的造型。在建立光照模型的过程中,根据水波的物理特性,重点研究光的反射与折射。为了加快计算速度,引入了GPU。并在光影效果上引入了纹理处理技术,增强了系统效果的逼真性。为计算机游戏、影视以及广告等领域提供更为真实的模型设计。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the simulation of natural scenery has been one of the most challenging problems in computer graphics. As an important part of natural scene simulation, the simulation of water flow and water wave is attracting more and more attention, but compared with other scene simulation, the simulation of water flow is more difficult, because the water flow is different in shape under different conditions. And its display also has the special request. The motion of water flow is not smooth, uncertain, irregular and dynamic, and this change is very complex, chaotic, and affected by the surrounding environment. The key is to establish the appropriate flow model, and to use the appropriate rendering method. On the basis of deep understanding of complete hydrodynamic equations and simplified forms in various simulation work, this paper analyzes and summarizes the applicable scope of various models. Finally, the simplified two Navier-Stokes equation is chosen as the model of water wave according to the actual need of this paper. The process of solving two-dimensional N-S equations by finite difference method and finite volume method and their advantages and disadvantages in hydrodynamics are summarized. Finally, the finite volume method is used to calculate the equation, which makes the equation stable and efficient. The combination of unstructured mesh and finite volume method is used to model water wave. In the process of establishing illumination model, the reflection and refraction of light are studied according to the physical characteristics of water wave. In order to speed up the calculation, GPU is introduced. The texture processing technology is introduced into the effect of light and shadow, which enhances the lifelike of the system effect. Provides a more realistic model design for computer games, film and television, advertising and other areas.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：TP391.41

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