上网动机、上网态度与研究生网络依赖的关系研究

发布时间：2018-05-30 21:45

本文选题：研究生 + 网络依赖　；参考：《南方医科大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：研究目的了解和掌握研究生的网络依赖状况及其上网动机、上网态度的特点,探讨上网动机、上网态度对网络依赖的影响,帮助研究生正确认识和使用网络,为改善其网络依赖问题提供参考和指导依据。对象与方法 1.质性研究 1.1对象采用广告招募以及链锁式抽样法,招募到25名南方某大学研究生院的硕士研究生作为研究对象。采用《中文网络成瘾量表修订版》(CIAS-R)对其施测,以46分为界线,得分小于46分者界定为正常群体即非网络依赖群体,得分为46分及以上者界定为网络依赖群体。其中,两组共9名被试进入预访谈阶段,16名被试进入正式访谈阶段。 1.2工具《中文网络成瘾量表修订版》、自编访谈提纲 1.3方法在访谈正式开始之前,研究者要向访谈对象说明自己的身份、研究的目的与意义,解释心理学研究的保密原则,保证访谈内容仅用于研究而不会外泄,并就访谈中需要录音一事征求访谈对象的同意。在访谈过程中,研究者与访谈对象面对面、一对一进行交流,并对整个访谈过程进行录音,访谈结束后及时撰写访谈体会。通过事后对录音材料的转录、分析与整理,获得大量的第一手资料,并针对前次访谈的不足之处进行回访,以确保访谈内容的真实性和完整性。 1.4结果 1.4.1网络依赖研究生偏好娱乐休闲和人际交流类上网行为,非网络依赖研究生则没有明显的偏好。 1.4.2研究生的上网动机包括娱乐消遣动机、人际交往动机、情绪宣泄动机、知识学习动机、自我实现动机和逃避现实动机。 1.4.3在娱乐消遣动机上,网络依赖组主要是为了寻求刺激而上网,非网络依赖组则是为了缓解学习压力而上网。 1.4.4在人际交往动机上,网络依赖组主要是为了获得网友的情感支持,非网络依赖组则是用网络来维系现实的朋友关系。 1.4.5在情绪宣泄动机上,网络依赖组将网络视为宣泄情绪的主要场所,非网络依赖组则认为现实的宣泄渠道更加重要。 1.4.6在知识学习动机上,网络依赖组属于迫于压力的被动的上网学习,非网络依赖组则是主动去利用网络去进行学习。 1.4.7在自我实现动机上,网络依赖组倾向于在网络中寻求自我的实现,非网络依赖组则认为现实的自我实现才有意义. 1.4.8在逃避现实动机上,网络依赖组认为网络是心灵的避难所,非网络依赖组认为现实问题应该在现实中解决。 1.4.9在对网络的态度上,研究生普遍认识到网络的两面性,但网络依赖组研究生更加倾向于对网络形成积极、正性的认知与评价。 2.量化研究 2.1对象被试来源于南方某大学研究生院,以年级为单位采取分层抽样法进行抽取。共发放调查问卷700份,回收有效问卷648份,有效回收率为92.57%。有效样本的平均年龄为24.48±1.69岁,其中男生326人、女生322人。 2.2工具采用问卷调查法,所用问卷包括：《自编一般情况调查问卷》、《中文网络成瘾量表修订版》、《大学生互联网使用动机量表》、《网络态度量表》。 2.3方法采取分层抽样法发放调查问卷。所得数据使用Foxpro6.0建立数据库,用spssl3.0软件进行数据处理,统计方法包括：描述性统计分析、t检验、相关分析、多元线性回归。(α=0.05) 2.4结果 2.4.1网络依赖组与非网络依赖组在性别、年级和生源地3个人口学变量上存在显著性差异,P0.05；在专业、是否独生子女、恋爱状况和家庭情况等4个因素上不存在显著性差异。 2.4.2网络依赖组与非网络依赖组在上网时间(网龄、日均上网、周均上网)方面存在显著性差异,P0.05。网络依赖与上网时间存在正相关,P0.05。 2.4.3网络依赖组与非网路依赖组在网络游戏、电子邮件2种上网行为存在显著性差异,P0.05。网络依赖与网络游戏之间存在正相关,P0.05。 2.4.4网络依赖组与非网络依赖组在上网动机上存在显著性差异,P0.05。网络依赖与人际情感性动机存在正相关,P0.05；与信息获取性动机无相关。 2.4.5网络依赖组与非网络依赖组在上网态度上存在差异,P0.05。网络依赖与上网态度的行为因素存在正相关,P0.05。 2.4.6以研究生网络依赖总分为因变量,以上网动机、上网态度为自变量,进行多元线性逐步回归。结果显示,行为因素、人际情感性动机、知觉控制、信息获取性动机以及情感因素进入回归方程,P0.05。结论 1.研究生群体存在一定的网络依赖问题,这提示我们应当对这一群体的心理健康情况给予足够的关心。 2.质性访谈发现,部分网络依赖研究生的现实人际关系较差；量化研究证明,网络依赖研究生主要出于人际情感性动机而上网,在上网行为上表现出对人际交往行为的偏好。这说明他们在现实生活中存在人际交往方面的问题。 3.网络依赖研究生普遍认为网络有利有弊,但更倾向于对网络形成正性的认知与评价,在上网时较少体验到焦虑感。这说明他们对网络持更加认同的态度,对网络依赖的产生具有一定的作用。 4.引导研究生树立正确的上网态度、加强研究生的日常管理、营造良好的人际交往环境、开展相关宣教和资讯活动,对改善硕士研究生网络依赖现状具有重要的意义。本研究的特色 1.以研究生作为研究对象,而这一群体在目前的研究中较为少见。 2.本研究采用质性访谈与量化研究相结合的方法,探讨了上网动机和上网态度对研究生网络依赖的影响。本研究的局限及今后的研究方向 1.本研究仅以南方某大学的学生作为研究对象,样本的代表性有一定的局限。 2.在质性访谈过程中,部分访谈对象出于个人原因,未能充分表达自己的真实想法。 3.本研究属于横断面调查设计,注重于分析上网动机、上网态度和网络依赖之间的关系,遗憾的是,所得结果未能用于研究生网络依赖的矫治工作,如：通过行为矫治、态度干预等方法来减轻网络依赖。这在今后的研究中可以进一步探讨。
[Abstract]:research objective
Understanding and mastering the network dependence of the graduate students, the motivation of the Internet, the characteristics of the Internet attitude, the influence of the Internet motivation and the Internet attitude on the network dependence, help the graduate students to understand and use the network correctly, and provide reference and guidance for improving their network dependence.
Object and method
1. qualitative research
1.1 objects
Using advertising recruitment and chain lock sampling, 25 postgraduate students from a graduate school in a university in the South were recruited as research subjects. Using the revised version of the Chinese Internet Addiction Scale (CIAS-R), a 46 score was defined as a boundary and a score of less than 46 was defined as a normal group, a non network dependent group, with a score of 46 points and above. For the Internet dependent group, 9 participants in the two groups entered the pre interview stage, and 16 subjects entered the formal interview stage.
1.2 tools
Chinese Internet Addiction Scale revised edition, self compiled interview outline
1.3 method
Before the interview is formally started, the researchers should explain their identity to the interviewees, the purpose and significance of the study, explain the principles of the confidentiality of psychological research, ensure that the interview content is only used for research and will not be released, and that the interviewees need the recording to seek the same meaning of the interviewees. In the interview process, the researchers and the interviewees face the interviewees. Face, one to one exchange, and record the whole interview process, and write interviews in time after the interview. Through the transcriptional, analysis and arrangement of the recording material afterwards, a large number of first-hand information is obtained, and the shortcomings of the previous interview are returned to ensure the authenticity and integrity of the interview content.
1.4 results
1.4.1 network relies on Postgraduates' preference for internet entertainment and interpersonal interaction, while non network dependent graduate students have no obvious preference.
1.4.2 Postgraduates' motivation for Internet access includes entertainment motivation, interpersonal motivation, emotional venting motivation, knowledge learning motivation, self actualization motivation and escapist motivation.
1.4.3 in entertainment entertainment motivation, the network dependent group is mainly for seeking stimulation and surfing the Internet, while the non network dependent group is in order to ease the learning pressure and surf the Internet.
1.4.4 in interpersonal motivation, the network dependence group is mainly to get the emotional support of the Internet users, non network dependence group is to use the network to maintain the real friend relationship.
1.4.5 in the emotional catharsis motivation, the Internet dependent group regards the Internet as the main place for catharsis, while the non network dependent group believes that the practical channel of catharsis is more important.
1.4.6 in knowledge learning motivation, the network dependent group is under the pressure of passive Internet learning, and the non network dependent group is actively using the network to learn.
1.4.7 in self actualization motivation, the network dependent group tends to seek self fulfillment in the network, while the non network dependent group thinks that the reality of self actualization is meaningful.
1.4.8 in escaping reality motivation, the network dependent group thinks that the network is the refuge of the soul, and the non network dependent group thinks that the realistic problem should be solved in reality.
1.4.9 generally recognizes the dual nature of the network in the attitude to the network, but the graduate student of the network dependence group is more inclined to form positive and positive cognition and evaluation of the network.
2. quantitative research
2.1 objects
The subjects were derived from a University Graduate School in the south, taking a stratified sampling method in the grade as a unit. A total of 700 questionnaires were issued and 648 valid questionnaires were collected. The average age of effective recovery rate of 92.57%. was 24.48 + 1.69 years old, including 326 boys and 322 girls.
2.2 tools
Questionnaire survey was used and the questionnaire included: "self-made general survey questionnaire >" Chinese Internet Addiction Scale revised edition > "College Students Internet use motivation scale >" < network attitude scale >.
2.3 method
A stratified sampling method was adopted to issue a questionnaire. The data was established by Foxpro6.0, and the data were processed with spssl3.0 software. The statistical methods included descriptive statistical analysis, t test, correlation analysis, multiple linear regression. (alpha =0.05).
2.4 results
There is a significant difference between the 2.4.1 network dependence group and the non network dependence group on the 3 individual oral variables in gender, grade and source place, P0.05, and there is no significant difference in the 4 factors, such as the only child, the love situation and the family condition.
There are significant differences between the 2.4.2 network dependence group and the non network dependence group in the Internet time (net age, daily average online, weekly average online). The P0.05. network dependence has a positive correlation with the Internet time, P0.05.
2.4.3 network dependence group and non network dependent group are in network games, and there are significant differences between 2 kinds of Internet access behavior. There is a positive correlation between P0.05. network dependence and network games, P0.05.
There is a significant difference between the 2.4.4 network dependence group and the non network dependence group on the Internet motivation. There is a positive correlation between P0.05. network dependence and interpersonal affective motivation, and P0.05 is not related to the motivation of information acquisition.
There is a difference in Internet attitude between 2.4.5 network dependent group and non network dependent group. There is a positive correlation between P0.05. network dependence and behavioral factors of Internet attitude, P0.05.
2.4.6 takes the total score of graduate network dependence as the dependent variable, the Internet motivation, the Internet attitude as the independent variable, and multiple linear stepwise regression. The results show that behavioral factors, interpersonal affective motivation, perceptual control, information acquisition motivation and emotional factors enter the regression equation, P0.05.
conclusion
1. there is a certain problem of Internet dependence among graduate students. This suggests that we should pay enough attention to the mental health of this group.
2. qualitative interviews found that some of the Internet depended on the poor interpersonal relationships of the graduate students. Quantitative studies have shown that the Internet dependent postgraduates are mainly on the Internet, showing a preference for interpersonal behavior on the Internet, which shows that they have interpersonal problems in real life.
3. the network dependent postgraduates generally believe that the network has advantages and disadvantages, but it is more inclined to form a positive cognition and evaluation of the network, and less experience of anxiety on the Internet. This shows that they have a more identification attitude to the network and have a certain role in the generation of network dependence.
4. it is of great significance to guide graduate students to establish the correct Internet attitude, to strengthen the daily management of postgraduates, to create a good interpersonal environment, to carry out related education and information activities, to improve the network dependence of graduate students.
The characteristics of this study
1. graduate students as the research object, and this group is relatively rare in the current research.
2. this study used qualitative interviews and quantitative research to explore the impact of Internet motivation and Internet attitude on postgraduate Internet addiction.
Limitations of this study and future research direction
1. in this study, only a student from a university in the south is chosen as the research object. The representativeness of samples is limited.
2. during the qualitative interview, some of the interviewees failed to express their true ideas for personal reasons.
3. this study belongs to the cross-sectional survey design, which focuses on the analysis of the relationship between the Internet motivation, the Internet attitude and the network dependence. Unfortunately, the results can not be used for the orthodontic work of the graduate network dependence, such as behavior correction, attitude intervention and other methods to reduce the network dependence. This can be further discussed in the future research.
【学位授予单位】：南方医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：B849

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