榆林市西瓜甜瓜产业的现状及发展对策

发布时间：2018-07-03 18:06

本文选题：榆林市 + 西瓜　；参考：《西北农林科技大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文通过对我国西瓜甜瓜产业现状及发展现状及趋势进行调研的基础上,对榆林西瓜甜瓜产业化现状、产业优势、存在问题及发展对策进行综合分析的基础上,得出以下结论。 1.引进推广优质、抗病西瓜甜瓜新品种。在多年、多点试验示范的基础上,筛选出表现中熟,大果型,产量高,品质好的2个有籽西瓜新品种‘陕抗七号’、‘榆农绿宝’和2个无籽西瓜新品种‘郑新1号’、‘郑抗无籽9号’,适宜在榆林远郊露地种植;筛选出3个早熟,综合抗性优良,抗逆性强的甜瓜品种‘京玉黄流星’、‘金蜜特’和‘丰雷’等,适宜在榆林露地和保护地甜瓜产区种植。 2.引进推广小型优质礼品西瓜。榆林市位于陕西省最北部,全市总人口360万,辖1区11县222个乡镇。市情的主要特点是煤、气、油、盐资源优势突出,人文优势独特,区位优势明显。气候凉爽,干燥多风,雨热同季,昼夜温差大,春季回暖慢,光照充足,热量丰富,四季分明,非常适宜日光温室瓜菜生产。由于小型礼品西瓜熟性早,品质优,风味、口感佳,卖好价,效益高,深受广大消费青睐。可以在本市一些近郊县区引进推广日光温室礼品西瓜种植。通过品种比较试验,已筛选出‘翠蓝’和‘圣蓝’两个品种表现较好,可引进推广。 3.推广西瓜甜瓜标准化栽培技术。多年来,榆林市农业科学研究院已通过西瓜甜瓜不同播种期、定植密度、人工辅助授粉、嫁接、病虫防治、施肥等一系列综合栽培管理技术的试验研究,总结出榆林地区西瓜甜瓜标准化栽培技术操作规程。 4.加强市场信息服务和流通体系建设。主产区应成立西瓜甜瓜专业合作社,推广“公司+基地+农户”的运作模式,充分发挥专业合作社的作用,做好技术研发、物资供应、技术服务、产品销售等产前、产中、产后各环节的协调服务工作,发挥财政资金的导向作用,支持和引导龙头企业、专合组织健康发展,解决瓜农卖瓜难的问题。在主要生产区域和销售区域,有计划地建立一批西瓜甜瓜批发市场,疏通各方面的流通渠道,以利于向周边市场辐射。积极推进现代营销方式和流通组织形式,加强信息网络的建设和广告设计宣传,扩大榆林市西瓜甜瓜产品的知名度。及时发布西瓜甜瓜产销信息,使瓜农、企业及时掌握国内、外产销状况,便于有的放矢地做出营销决策。 5.进一步加强科技攻关,为榆林西瓜甜瓜产业发展提供关键技术支撑。以解决种子生产过程中的细菌性果腐病问题为切入点,建立符合国际规范的西瓜甜瓜种子质量检测体系,加强健康种子的生产基地建设,尽快建立西瓜甜瓜的规范良种繁育体系;针对西瓜甜瓜生产中存在连作障碍、枯萎病等问题,要进行科技攻关,进行解决;通过政府指导和各种经济力量的共同参与,进一步加强无公害生产示范基地建设;保护地栽培基础设施建设;西瓜甜瓜的商品化处理及加工体系建设,瓜类病虫害的预测预警体系与综合防治体系建设。 6.研究西瓜甜瓜贮藏加工新方法、新技术。应研究贮藏加工新方法、新技术、新工艺,发展壮大贮藏加工龙头企业,拓宽产品销售渠道和市场领域。
[Abstract]:On the basis of the research on the current situation, the current situation and the trend of the watermelon melon industry in China, this paper makes a comprehensive analysis on the industrialization status, industrial advantages, existing problems and Development Countermeasures of watermelon melon in Yulin, and draws the following conclusions.
1. new varieties of melon and melon were introduced and popularized. On the basis of many years of experiment and demonstration, 2 new seeded watermelon varieties, "Shaan anti seven", "Yulong green treasure" and 2 new seedless watermelon varieties, 'Zhengxin 1', and 'Zheng anti seedless 9' were screened out to be suitable for the outskirts of Yulin. Planting 3 precocious, comprehensive resistance and strong resistance melon varieties' Jingyu yellow meteor ',' golden nectar 'and' Feng Lei 'are suitable for planting in Yulin and protected melon producing areas.
2. introduction and promotion of small and quality gift watermelons. Yulin is located in the northern part of Shaanxi Province, with a total population of 3 million 600 thousand, 1 districts and 11 counties and 222 towns. The main characteristics of the city are coal, gas, oil, and salt resources with outstanding advantages, unique cultural advantages and obvious geographical advantages. The climate is cool, dry and windy, the temperature difference between day and night is big, spring is warm, and the spring is slow and ample light is illuminated. Rich in heat and distinct in four seasons, it is very suitable for the production of vegetable and vegetable in solar greenhouse. Because of the early maturity, good quality, good flavor, good taste, good price and high benefit, small gift watermelons can be widely used in some Suburb Counties of this city. The two varieties of Saint blue are better and can be introduced and popularized.
3. to popularize the standardized cultivation techniques of watermelon melon. For many years, the Yulin Academy of Agricultural Sciences has carried out a series of comprehensive cultivation management techniques, such as the different seeding period, planting density, artificial pollination, grafting, pest control and fertilization, and summed up the standardized cultivation techniques of watermelon in the elm woodland area.
4. to strengthen the construction of market information service and circulation system. The main production area should set up a watermelon melon professional cooperative, promote the operation mode of "company + base + farmer", give full play to the role of professional cooperatives, do a good job in the coordinated service work of technology research and development, material supply, technical service, product sales and other links in the pre production, production and postpartum. The guiding role of government funds, supporting and guiding the leading enterprises, the healthy development of the organization, the problem of solving the problem of melon farmers selling melon. In the main production areas and sales areas, a batch of watermelon melon wholesale market is set up in a planned way to dredge the circulation channels in all aspects so as to promote the radiation to the periphery of the market. The modern marketing mode and circulation group are actively promoted. Weaving, strengthening the construction of information network and advertising design and advertising, expanding the popularity of watermelon products in Yulin. Timely release of watermelon production and marketing information, so that the farmers, enterprises in time to master the status of domestic and foreign production and marketing, easy to make a targeted marketing decision.
5. further strengthen scientific and technological breakthrough and provide key technical support for the development of watermelon melon industry in Yulin. In order to solve the problem of bacterial fruit rot in the process of seed production, it is a breakthrough point to set up a quality testing system for watermelon seed in accordance with international standards, strengthen the construction of the production base of healthy seeds, and establish the standard of watermelon melon as soon as possible. In order to solve the problems of continuous cropping obstacle and Fusarium Wilt in the production of watermelon melons, we should carry out scientific and technological problems and solve the problems. Through the joint participation of government guidance and various economic forces, we should further strengthen the construction of the demonstration base of non public pollution production, the construction of the protected cultivation infrastructure, the commercialized treatment and processing system of watermelon melons. Construction, prediction and early warning system for pests and diseases of cucurbits and construction of integrated prevention and control system.
6. new methods of storage and processing of melon melons and new technologies should be studied. New storage and processing methods, new technologies and new technologies should be studied, and the leading enterprises of storage and processing should be developed, and the marketing channels and market areas of products should be widened.
【学位授予单位】：西北农林科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：F326.13

【参考文献】