种族问题与二十年代文学

发布时间：2018-07-10 18:13

本文选题：种族 + 上海文学　；参考：《郑州大学》2008年硕士论文

【摘要】：“种族”是社会科学中一个受到关注的领域。在近代中国,种族偏见通常被假定为“有色人种”不得不忍受白种人的现象。种族作为一个虚构的具有生理区别特征的符号,不仅突破了以地方宗族为核心的狭隘认同,还创造了新的并且广泛的多的“想象的共同体”的崭新认同,这一“想象的共同体”就是黄种种群。近代中国遭遇到“数千年未有之变局”,这使得“中国不是走出中世纪而是被轰出中世纪的。从世界领先的地位降到后发国家的位置,于是中国文化的心态栽中、西之间,古、今之间,崇洋与自卑之间”。心态,是一种心理的状态,包括人们对外部世界的认识和自我生命的体验。可以说,人的一切思想情绪和精神活动都与心态相关。心态影响甚至决定着作家的创作。殖民种族主义是西方化上海的客观存在。自1842年签订《南京条约》之后,各种不平等条约和荒唐法律认可了对中国人的种族歧视。生活在上海的中国人,处于华洋杂处的租界,对于这种歧视必然会产生一种切肤之痛。心理学研究表明,任何一种心理活动都是对生存环境的一种反映。群体的社会心理则“使人们在社会生活中自发产生,并互有影响的主题反映”,“社会心理反映的内容与方式,归根到底,取决于社会生活环境”。作家们对上海的审视、思考和批判中揭示出一个城市的精神精髓。分析作家的心态和“自我”形象,本身就是理解他们的精神世界和文学世界的重要途径,同时,也可以获得对有着东方巴黎之称上海的特定时空文化环境的更深入的了解。文学艺术也离不开特定时代和地域环境的影响。20世纪20年代的上海作家带有悲情意识、悲愤心理艺术风格作品的产生与形成,就与当时上海特有的文化环境密不可分。各章内容大致如下:第一章追溯种族尊卑观念在近代中国遭遇三千年未有之大变局后的转变情况。并从教科书、广告、传媒等方面入手挖掘然后梳理出种族观念对上海文学产生的影响。第二章分别从朱自清、郭沫若的作品中探究种族问题与二十年代文学的空间体现,即城市电车中的种族问题和城市公园中的种族问题。第三章从刘呐鸥和施蛰存的作品中找寻种族观念的影响,即种族问题与二十年代文学的身体叙述。第四章从沈从文作品中探寻种族问题与二十年代文学的身份描写。
[Abstract]:Race is an area of concern in the social sciences. In modern China, racial prejudice is often assumed to be "colored" and has to endure the phenomenon of white people. Race, as a fictional symbol with physiological distinctions, not only breaks through the narrow identity of the local clan as the core, but also creates a new and extensive brand new identity of the "imaginative community". This "imaginary community" is a variety of yellow groups. Modern China encountered "unprecedented changes in thousands of years", which made China "not out of the Middle Ages but out of the Middle Ages." From the leading position in the world to the position of the latecomer country, the Chinese cultural mentality was planted between the west, the ancient, the present, the worship of the ocean and the inferiority complex. Mentality, is a state of mind, including people's understanding of the outside world and self-experience of life. It can be said that all people's thoughts and emotions and spiritual activities are related to the state of mind. The state of mind influences and even decides the writer's creation. Colonial racism is the objective existence of westernized Shanghai. Since the signing of the Treaty of Nanjing in 1842, various unequal treaties and absurd laws have recognized racial discrimination against the Chinese. The Chinese people living in Shanghai are in the concessions of the foreign countries, and the discrimination is bound to be painful. Psychological studies show that any psychological activity is a reflection of the living environment. The social psychology of the group "causes people to spontaneously produce in the social life, and has the mutual influence theme reflection", "the social psychology reflection content and the way, in the final analysis, depends on the social living environment". The writers' examination, reflection and criticism of Shanghai reveal the spiritual essence of a city. The analysis of writers' mentality and "self" image is an important way to understand their spiritual world and literary world. At the same time, they can also gain a deeper understanding of the special time and space cultural environment of Shanghai, which is known as Paris in the East. Literature and art can not be separated from the influence of specific times and regional environment. Shanghai writers in the 1920s had a sense of sadness. The emergence and formation of psychological artistic works of grief and indignation were closely related to the unique cultural environment of Shanghai at that time. The contents of the chapters are as follows: the first chapter traces the transformation of the concept of racial superiority after three thousand years of unprecedented changes in modern China. And from the textbook, advertising, media and other aspects of mining and then combing out the impact of racial concepts on Shanghai literature. The second chapter explores the racial problem and the spatial embodiment of the 1920s literature from the works of Zhu Ziqing and Guo Moruo, that is, the race problem in the city tram and the race problem in the city park. The third chapter looks for the influence of race concept from Liu Naogu and Shi Zhecun's works, that is, race problem and the body narration of 1920s literature. Chapter four explores the racial problem and the identity description of the 1920s literature from Shen Congwen's works.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：I206.6

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