从功能文体学的角度看幽默祝福类短信的文体特征

发布时间：2018-07-31 07:18

【摘要】：随着网络和通讯技术的迅猛发展,手机短信以其短小精悍,幽默睿智,即时迅捷等多重优点迅速融入大众生活,并逐步发展成为“第五媒体”,成为当代人日常信息传播的重要渠道和载体之一。短信语言也因为其不断呈现出来的鲜明特征而逐步被语言学界所关注。短信的语言虽然是以文字的形式存在,却具有众多口语的特点,同时自身许多独有的特点已使其逐渐成为一种全新的语体。然而,令人遗憾的是,目前人们对短信这一新兴语体的研究还不够深入和全面,对短信语言研究多停留在直观感性的收集、分类和介绍,形成系统理论的还很少。本文以功能文体学中极具影响力的前景化理论作为理论框架,充分结合语音学,语相学,词汇学,语义学,句法学等多学科的基础理论,对短信语言文体特征进行了全面而详细的分析。关于文体形形色色的定义中,功能文体学的观点是文体即“前景化”。Hallidy (1973)将“前景化”(foregrounding)与“突出”(prominence)进行了区分,认为只是“有动因的突出”(motivated prominence)才是“前景化”。同时,“前景化”也是“自动化”的对立面:“自动化”使事件“程序化”;而“前景化”则是对“程序”的偏离。Halliday接受了英国语言学家Leech的观点,将突出特征分为两类:一类是否定的,违反常规的,与其他语言或社会已接受的常规相违背的,称为“失协”(incongruity);另一种则是肯定的,是建立常规,强化常规的,是数理上的突出,称为“失协”(deflection)。通过对纷繁复杂的短信进行整理分类,作者发现根据功能的不同,短信可以分为以下几类:信息联络类、幽默祝福类以及广告公务类。幽默祝福类短信作为短信的典型,具有短信的基本特征,同时便于收集整理,成为本文用作分析的主要语料。为了客观真实的反映短信语言的特点,作者从身边的亲朋好友以及互联网上收集了大量的幽默祝福类短信作为语料,运用定性分析和实例分析等方法,从音系、语相、词汇、句法以及语义等各个层次对其文体特征进行了详细的分析研究。短信语言的“失协”主要体现在语相层和词汇层。在语相层,短信通过对多种标点符号的特殊使用以及空间布局的特别设计实现了对常规的偏离;词汇层中,则出现了大量的旧词新意、不同词汇集的共现、方言、双关词汇及英文表达的使用,从而实现了短信语言在词汇层对常规的偏离。短信语言的“失衡”则充分体现在各个层次上:在音系层,为了实现前景化,大量使用了谐音,押韵及拟声词;语相层的前景化主要体现在逗号的大量使用,以及经过标点符号及字母的组合而形成的表情符号的大量使用;从词汇层来看,同素词、数词、同义词近义词、感叹词的频繁使用,以及词汇的排比和重复使用都实现了短信语言的前景化;在句法层,失衡主要通过句式的重复以及大量的句子成分的省略来实现;语义层的失衡主要体现在各种修辞手法的频繁使用中,包括:比喻、仿拟、拟人、排比、反语、以及突降法。由于短信的发送与收取不受时间和空间的阻隔,其更能适应新时期的人际互动方式。这种沟通方式呈现出短小精悍、时尚风趣、快捷及时和方便实用等各种特征,而短信语言的各种前景化特征则正好顺应了这一新兴通讯方式的要求,实现了人与人之间信息的传递以及良好人际关系的建立与维持。本文通过对大量幽默祝福型短信的文体特征分析,研究结果不仅深化了对短信的研究,同时也拓展了功能文体学的适用范围。有助于人们日常短信交际中更好的利用这种新型的交流方式,并感受其语言的美感,体会手机短信语言的独特魅力。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of network and communication technology, the short message of mobile phone is rapidly integrated into the public life with its many advantages, such as short, humorous and intelligent, instant and quick, and has gradually developed into "fifth media", which has become one of the important channels and carriers of the daily information dissemination. Although the language of short message exists in the form of words, it has many characteristics of spoken language, and many unique features of it have made it a new style. However, it is regrettable that the research on this new style of text is not thorough and comprehensive at present. The study of letter language mostly stays in the collection, classification and introduction of intuition, and very few systems theory is formed.
This paper, based on the theoretical framework of the highly influential prospect theory in functional stylistics, fully combines the basic theories of phonetics, phonology, lexicology, semantics, and sentence jurisprudence, and makes a comprehensive and detailed analysis of the stylistic features of SMS language.
In the definition of style and color, the view of functional stylistics is that style is "foreground".Hallidy (1973) distinguishes between "foregrounding" and "prominence", and that only "motivated prominence" is "foreground". At the same time, "foreground" is "automation" and "automation". "The opposite:" automation "makes the event" program "; and" foreground "is a deviation from the" program ".Halliday accepted the British linguist Leech's view, the prominent features are divided into two categories: one is negative, unconventional, and contrary to other languages or social accepted routines, called" incongr. " Uity); the other is affirmative, which is to establish routines and strengthen the routine, which is a prominent figure in mathematics and physics. It is called "deflection".
By sorting the complex and complex text messages, the author finds that according to the different functions, the text message can be divided into the following categories: information contact, humorous blessings and advertising business. The humorous blessings as text messages are typical of SMS, with the basic characteristics of SMS, and easy to collect and collate at the same time, and become the main language of the analysis. In order to objectively and truly reflect the characteristics of short message language, the author collected a large number of humorous blessings as a corpus from relatives and friends and on the Internet, using qualitative analysis and case analysis to analyze their stylistic features from different levels, such as phonology, language, vocabulary, syntax and semantics. Study.
The "loss of association" in the text message language is mainly reflected in the language layer and the vocabulary layer. In the language layer, short message has achieved the conventional deviation through the special use of a variety of punctuation marks and the special design of the spatial layout. In the vocabulary layer, there are a large number of new meanings of old words, the co occurrence of different vocabulary sets, dialects, pun vocabulary and English expression. Thus, the deviation of the short message language from lexical level to routine is realized.
The "imbalance" of short message language is fully embodied in all levels: in the phonological layer, homophonic, rhyme and onomatopoeia are used in great quantities in order to realize the prospect. The foreground of the language layer is mainly embodied in the large use of commas, and the use of the emoticons formed by the combination of punctuation symbols and letters; from the lexical level, the same Word, numeral, synonym, synonym, interjection frequently used, and the comparison and reuse of words all realize the foreground of short message language; in the syntactic layer, the imbalance is mainly realized through the repetition of sentence patterns and the omission of a large number of sentence components; the imbalance of the semantic layer is mainly reflected in the frequent use of various rhetorical devices, including the frequent use of various rhetorical devices. Parables, parody, personification, parallelism, irony, and sudden fall.
Since the sending and collecting of short messages are not blocked by time and space, they are more adaptable to the interpersonal interaction in the new period. This communication method presents a variety of features such as short and delicate, fashionable and interesting, quick and timely, convenient and practical, and the various foreground features of SMS language just conform to the requirements of this new mode of communication. It is the transmission of information between people and the establishment and maintenance of good interpersonal relationship.
Through the analysis of the stylistic features of a large number of humorous blessings, this paper not only deepens the study of SMS, but also expands the scope of functional stylistics. It helps people to make better use of this new mode of communication in daily short message communication, feel the aesthetic sense of its language, and realize the unique language of mobile phone. Charm.
【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：H152

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