思想政治劝服论

发布时间：2018-08-26 09:21

【摘要】：思想政治教育学科自20世纪80年代在我国建立以来,历经了时间的考验和实践的检验,学科体系也伴随着我国社会主义建设的迅速发展而不断丰富和完善。社会和个人对自身全面发展的诉求成为了支撑现代思想政治教育学科发展的动力之源。 “劝服学”在我国的大学课程设置中还是一个比较陌生的名字,相关的研究资料也非常少。在仔细检索了相关数据库之后笔者发现,我们的研究视野当中涉及到劝服、说服内容的学术文献十分稀少,著作仅有由龚文庠撰写的《说服学——攻心的学问》和黄希绅等人著的《说劝心理和说劝技巧》。反观国外的学术界,许多大学都开设有专门的“劝服学”课程,除此之外,在传播学、公共关系学、新闻学、广告学中都有介绍“劝服理论”和“劝服技术”的内容。由此,我们可以明显的看到在“劝服学”领域我们与发达国家还存在着一定的差距。从某种意义上来说,“劝服”活动已经客观的融入到我们每一个人的生活点滴之中。各人出于不同的目的,无时无刻不在做着影响周围其他个体思想和行为的活动。从微观上来看,在思想政治教育学的研究视阈中,最主要也是最根本的活动就是“劝服”。教育者需要通过不同的方式和方法,运用艺术与技术相结合的形式来劝服教育对象,教育对象在接受影响的过程中,同步的或稍后的也能够给教育者提供相应的信息反馈。可以这样说,整个思想政治教育的过程其实就是教育者与教育对象之间互相劝服的一个过程。因此,笔者认为站在思想政治教育学科发展的角度考虑,我们应该注意和重视“劝服学”这门课程,并将其整合进思想政治教育的学科体系中,在此基础上研究充分发挥思想政治劝服功能的方法。本文首先分析思想政治劝服的含义及其基本职能,明确思想政治劝服肩负着信息发布、人格完善、解释、反馈和控制职能。然后阐述思想政治劝服的目标及其教育任务,即以达到文化认同、民族认同和政治认同的最终目标,以达到劝服信息的同步、使参与各方产生愉悦共鸣感、消除逆反心理和完善现代人格为劝服教育任务。再次,系统分析思想政治劝服活动中的五大要素——沟通者、劝服信息、劝服信息传播媒介、劝服对象、效果评价。在此基础之上,将思想政治劝服所采取的主要形式进行剖析,主要介绍了规范劝服、组织劝服、谈话劝服、榜样劝服、情感劝服、宣传劝服和网络劝服七种形式。最后论述了思想政治劝服效果评价的目标和原则以及评价指标和方法。显而易见,在思想政治教育学科的范畴中“劝服”过程是贯穿于学科整个理论体系的一条线索。从某种意义上来说,思想政治教育学科的发展、教育目的的完成和价值的实现都集中体现在思想劝服的效果上,换句话说,衡量思想政治教育的效果好不好的唯一标准,就是教育对象是否能够将教育者的思想内化,并且外化为自己的固有行为。因此,本研究认为思想政治教育学科体系的完善离不开思想政治劝服理论体系的建设。
[Abstract]:Since the establishment of the subject of Ideological and political education in China in the 1980s, it has gone through the test of time and practice, and the subject system has been enriched and perfected with the rapid development of socialist construction in China. The source of strength.
"Persuasion" is still a relatively new name in the university curriculum of our country, and the relevant research materials are very few. After searching the relevant database carefully, the author found that the academic literature involved persuasion in our research field of vision, persuasion content is very rare, and the book is only written by Gong Wenyi. "Persuasion Theory" and "Persuasion Techniques" by Huang Xixian and others are introduced in communication, public relations, journalism and advertising. From this we can see that many universities in foreign countries offer special courses on persuasion. It is obvious that there is still a certain gap between us and developed countries in the field of persuasion.
In a sense, "persuasion" activities have been objectively integrated into the lives of each of us. For different purposes, people are always doing activities that affect the thoughts and behaviors of other individuals around them. Activities are "persuasion". Educators need to persuade the object of education through different ways and means, using the combination of art and technology. In the process of receiving the influence, the object of education can provide corresponding information feedback to the educator synchronously or later. Therefore, from the perspective of the development of the subject of Ideological and political education, we should pay attention to and attach importance to the course of persuasion, and integrate it into the subject system of Ideological and political education. On this basis, we should study and give full play to the merits of Ideological and political persuasion. Energy method.
Firstly, this paper analyzes the meaning and basic functions of Ideological and political persuasion, and clarifies that ideological and political persuasion shoulders the functions of information dissemination, personality improvement, interpretation, feedback and control. Thirdly, this paper systematically analyzes the five elements of the ideological and political persuasion activities - communicators, persuasion information, persuasion media, persuasion objects and effect evaluation. On this basis, the ideological and political persuasion is adopted. The main forms of persuasion are analyzed, including normative persuasion, organizational persuasion, conversational persuasion, model persuasion, emotional persuasion, propaganda persuasion and network persuasion.
Obviously, in the category of Ideological and political education, the process of persuasion is a clue that runs through the whole theoretical system of the subject. In a sense, the development of the subject of Ideological and political education, the accomplishment of the purpose of education and the realization of the value of education are concentrated in the effect of ideological persuasion, in other words, the measurement of Ideological and political education. The only criterion for the effect of education is whether the object of education can internalize the educator's thought and externalize it into his own inherent behavior.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：G41

【参考文献】