消费社会语境下视觉文化研究

发布时间：2018-08-26 09:32

【摘要】：这是一个对“视觉”热情空前高涨的时代。“物”的不断丰裕、科技和媒介迅猛发展愈使人惯以视觉图像去感知世界的变化与渊薮。视觉文化以直观、快捷、多样化表现样态推衍着当代文化呈图像替代文字的发展态势,文化各个层面越加倾向于高度视觉化,即便本不具备视觉特征的文化也以视觉化方式表征。无处不在的视觉图像刺激着人们对“物”最大限度的欲望,更创造了繁荣的“眼球经济”。消费时代催生视觉文化,视觉文化繁荣消费社会。然而文化转型也就会有文化之危机。图像虽丰富了眼球,却也渐渐抽空了思维。人们思想愈空洞,就愈借“看”寻求充实；大嚼图本食粮却乏力找到适宜的语言来表白。人类终究迷失在图像的城里。因而当下走出视觉围城,回归自然的视觉冲动,缓解“视觉”疲劳,还视觉以自由就成为美丽的精神诉求。尝试与“看”的对象保持适宜距离,更多以静观阅读面对审美客体,才能让一切艺术之精髓在“看”与“思”中慢慢积淀。论文共五章。引言部分概述视觉文化发展脉络、当下样态及面临的困境,并就其国内外研究现状做了简单梳理。国内研究视觉文化多借鉴西方理论而少以鲜活的个案,这难免使视觉文化研究束之高阁,因而当下性显得尤为可贵。第一章内容主要阐释三个基本概念：文化、视觉及视觉文化。厘清三者关系旨在阐明视觉文化形成与转向的内在的可能性与必然性。第二章从纵向角度把握视觉范式的历史转向。视觉文化理论范式从模仿到机械复制再到拟像不但标志文化样态的转变和形成,更意味着人类思维范式的转换。从理性、中心化的和有秩序的向感性的、碎片化和非中心化的视觉观念历程使得人类视觉有了压迫感,如今更多的是图像感知人类,而非人类在感知图像。第三、四章为论文的核心部分。第三章将视觉文化放置于消费时代语境中进行考量,处在“消费”控制空间的人类成为“物”最忠实的仆人,消费神话正通过视觉文化震撼出场。可以这样说,消费社会本身就是视觉文化滋生的温床。将视觉文化与消费社会关联在一起理应为“视觉消费”,不但“看”什么、怎么“看”成为消费,就连“看”行为本身也是一种消费。因而图像时代因消费的催化全面宣告来临。视觉文化的视觉化、商业化、大众化、虚拟化、欲望化及拼贴互文性诸多特点愈加使得视觉文化多元且复杂。也正因其上述的时代特征恰特提供了研究材料的丰富性。第四章从身体、时尚、旅游和电影四个角度选取当下较为热点的话题进行个案分析。消费社会语境下的身体被重视是视觉文化“看”之欲释放的结果。特别是广告中的身体更将其暴露和唤醒发挥到了极致；时尚存在必须依赖其可视的特点,当时尚与视觉图像为舞就更显时尚的魅惑,追逐时尚处也就时时体现着消费者的审美趣味,趣味之高低将影响视觉文化的存在样态；有时一张照片会勾起了人们对人文或自然景观的视觉记忆,却以碎片化方式储藏在图像中。此种碎片必将导致人类对于景观的深层含义解读的缺失。电影自诞生就给人们带来了前所未有的视觉冲击,特别是奇观电影,头脑让位于眼睛,美感让位于快感,反思静观让位于感官震惊。然而这一切并非视觉文化事件的终结。第五章主要谈及视觉文化的时代困境及其超越路径。图像审美泛化让视觉“神经餍足”；拼贴、恶搞往往成为艺术必用的表现手法；视觉感趋同让世界成为地球村；静观式文字阅读被震惊式图像阅读替代造成阅读浅表化让文字魅力渐渐尘封；虚拟的世界没能让人们沟通无极限,反而被逼狭进14英寸大小的空间；人类在“物品”极度丰盈却填不平欲望沟壑的幸福幻象中里渐渐迷失了方向。迷失的人类开始试图寻求出路。论文结语部分想要回答视觉文化困境之超越问题,却怎么也解决不了视觉文化与消费社会孪生共存的难题。
[Abstract]:This is an era of unprecedented enthusiasm for "vision". With the continuous abundance of "things", the rapid development of science and technology and media, people are accustomed to perceiving the changes and abyss of the world with visual images. Visual culture, with its intuitive, fast and diversified expression, has evolved the development trend of contemporary culture that images replace words, and the more various levels of culture become. The ubiquitous visual images stimulate people's desire for "things" to the maximum extent, and create a prosperous "eyeball economy". The consumption age gives birth to visual culture and visual culture flourishes consumer society. There will be a cultural crisis. Images enrich our eyes, but gradually empty our minds. The more empty our minds are, the more we look for enrichment; the more we chew on pictures and grains, the less we find appropriate language to express ourselves. Man is lost in the city of images. Therefore, he is now out of the visual siege, returning to the natural visual impulse, and alleviating the visual impulse. "Fatigue" and "freedom of vision" are the spiritual appeals of beauty. Only by trying to keep a proper distance from the object of "seeing" and facing the aesthetic object with more meditative reading can all the essence of art accumulate slowly in "seeing" and "thinking".
The introduction summarizes the development of visual culture, the present situation and the difficulties faced by it, and makes a simple comb of its research status at home and abroad. Rong mainly explains three basic concepts: culture, vision and visual culture. The purpose of clarifying the relationship between them is to clarify the inherent possibility and inevitability of the formation and turn of visual culture. The transformation and formation of human thinking paradigm means the transformation from rational, centralized and orderly to perceptual, fragmented and non-centralized visual concept makes human vision have a sense of oppression.
In the third chapter, the visual culture is considered in the context of the consumption age. The human being in the control space of consumption becomes the most faithful servant of the object. The consumption myth is coming out through the visual culture. It can be said that the consumer society itself is the hotbed of the visual culture. Consciousness culture and consumption society should be connected as "visual consumption", not only "see" what, how to "see" become consumption, even "see" behavior itself is a kind of consumption. Therefore, the image age is coming because of the catalysis of consumption. Visualization, commercialization, popularization, virtualization, desire and collage of visual culture intertextuality. Chapter Four chooses the hot topics from four perspectives: body, fashion, tourism and film to make a case study. In the context of consumer society, the body is valued as the "look" of visual culture. To release the results, especially in the advertisement of the body more exposed and aroused to the extreme; fashion existence must rely on its visual characteristics, then fashion and visual images for dancing more fashionable charm, the pursuit of fashion also reflects the aesthetic taste of consumers from time to time, the level of interest will affect the existence of visual culture. Sometimes a photograph can evoke people's visual memory of a human or natural landscape, but it is stored in a fragmented form in the image. Such fragments will inevitably lead to the loss of human understanding of the deep meaning of the landscape. The beauty of the eye is in the sense of pleasure.
Chapter 5 mainly talks about the dilemma of visual culture and its transcendence path. The aesthetic generalization of images makes visual "nervous contentment"; collage and spoof often become the necessary means of expression for art; the convergence of visual sense makes the world a global village; the silent reading of words is shocked by the map. For example, the superficiality of reading caused by the substitution of reading has reduced the charm of words to dust; the virtual world has not allowed people to communicate limitlessly, but has been forced to narrow into 14 inches of space; human beings have gradually lost their way in the illusion of happiness in which "objects" are extremely rich but fill the Gulf of desire. Lost human beings have begun to seek a way out. The concluding remarks of this paper try to answer the transcendence of the visual culture dilemma, but they can not solve the problem of the twin coexistence of visual culture and consumer society.
【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：G0

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