英汉非原型被动句的句法语义特征探析

发布时间：2018-02-04 20:07

本文关键词： 英汉非原型被动句非范畴化非范畴化的成分和类型句法语义特征认知理据　出处：《外国语(上海外国语大学学报)》2011年06期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：语言学界对英汉原型和非原型被动句分别有过比较充分的描述,但是,对被动句的演变过程及非原型被动句的句法语义特征的研究还未得到应有的重视。本文将英汉非原型和原型被动句纳入一个统一的认知框架中,从非范畴化的视角,揭示英汉非原型被动句的非范畴化成分和类型,探讨其句法语义特征及认知理据。研究表明:非原型被动句对原型被动句的偏离主要表现为主语和谓语动词的非范畴化及信息焦点的转移;这种句法结构和语义的偏离是由人类对事件或现象的不同识解及对同一语义内容的不同凸显所引起的。
[Abstract]:English and Chinese archetypal passive sentences have been well described in the linguists, however. Due attention has not been paid to the evolution of passive sentences and the syntactic and semantic features of non-prototype passive sentences. In this paper, English and Chinese non-archetypal and prototypical passive sentences are brought into a unified cognitive framework. From the perspective of non-categorization, this paper reveals the non-categorization elements and types of non-prototype passive sentences in English and Chinese. The study shows that the deviation of non-prototype passive sentence from prototype passive sentence is mainly manifested in the discategorization of subject and predicate verb and the shift of information focus. The deviation of syntactic structure and semantics is caused by the different interpretations of events or phenomena and the different salience of the same semantic content.
【作者单位】：湖南师范大学外国语学院;邵阳学院外语系;
【基金】：国家社科基金项目(07BYY007) 湖南省社科基金项目(09YBB359) 湖南省“中外文化传播基地”开放基金项目(08jdzb09)的阶段性研究成果
【分类号】：H146;H314
【正文快照】： 1.引言英汉被动句都有原型和非原型之分。对于英汉被动句,国内外有Langacker[4]、Saeed[6]、熊学亮[13]、徐盛桓[15]等在语义、结构或分类方面分别进行过一定的描述和解释。但是,原型被动句到非原型被动句的演变过程及非原型被动句的句法语义问题还有待深入研究。虽然,张延俊[

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