汉语字本位理据载体研究

发布时间：2018-03-03 22:35

本文选题：字本位　切入点：理据载体　出处：《中国海洋大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：徐通锵先生根据临摹性理论认为语言是现实的编码体系,它的本质是一种非线性结构。并以此为基础提出了汉语字本位语法理论。字本位的纲领是将非线性特征作为汉语研究的核心，并致力于探求汉语言的生成机制与自组织规律。字本位揭示了汉语基础性编码机制是理据性的，揭示了基础理据单位的性质决定了汉语结构的性质，因此字本位理论把汉语的生成理据研究作为汉语语法研究的任务之一。徐通锵的汉语字本位语法理论看到了汉语的异质性，并将汉语的理据性集中到“理据载体”这一个点上。而理据载体的转化生成体现了汉语结构的变化，其生成机制就是“A犹如B”或者说根据已知表达未知的隐喻性思维方式。汉字是一种意象性的视觉符号系统，它作为汉语和汉文化的主导型符号，其生成发展与汉民族的思维认知习惯息息相关。我们认为汉字不仅是汉民族思维的载体，同时它本身也是一种思维方式和符号表达方式。因此我们可以由汉字结构系统的描写分析入手，对汉字结构系统的特征与传统思维方式的关系进行考察和阐述，并将这种思维方式上升到语言学和符号学的高度，归结为汉字的隐喻性思维，并在此基础上进一步探讨这种思维方式对汉语语言单位的生成与运行机制的影响，这突出表现在造字、造词及造句基本原则的一致性，即字法与语法的同构关系。汉语语言单位的生成过程体现了这种隐喻性思维，即由已知求未知的历时的构成方式和A犹如B的运行机制。我们叫做“据义构形”的生成机制。本文共分五部分：第一部分是概述，，主要包括字本位理论和理据载体的研究概况。第二部分是对结构语言学“语言”概念的重新解释，重点探讨了索绪尔的语言观和文字观，以及汉字的能指投射原则。第三部分是理据载体的组合规则及其性质，进一步揭示了理据载体的性质及其对汉语语法的影响。第四部分是汉字字法与汉语语法的同构关系分析，包括汉字构字与汉语构词，以及字法与句法的关系。第五部分是结语。
[Abstract]:According to his copying theory, Mr. Xu Tongqiang thinks that language is a realistic coding system. Its essence is a kind of nonlinear structure. On the basis of it, the theory of Chinese word-based grammar is put forward. The program of word-based is to take the nonlinear characteristics as the core of the study of Chinese. The Chinese character standard reveals that the basic coding mechanism of Chinese is motivated and the nature of the basic motivation unit determines the nature of the Chinese structure. Therefore, the word-based theory regards the study of the generating motivation of Chinese as Ren Wuzhi's first in the study of Chinese grammar. Xu Tongqiang's Chinese word-based grammar theory sees the heterogeneity of Chinese, and concentrates the motivation of Chinese on the point of "motivation carrier", and the transformation of motivation carrier reflects the change of Chinese structure. Its generating mechanism is "A like B" or metaphorical thinking mode which expresses unknown according to the known. Chinese character is an imaginal visual symbol system, which is the dominant symbol in Chinese and Chinese culture. The formation and development of Chinese characters are closely related to the cognitive habits of the Han nationality. At the same time, it is also a way of thinking and symbol expression. Therefore, we can start with the description and analysis of the Chinese character structure system, and study and expound the relationship between the characteristics of the Chinese character structure system and the traditional thinking mode. On the basis of the metaphorical thinking of Chinese characters, the influence of this mode of thinking on the generation and operation mechanism of Chinese language units is further discussed. This is manifested in the consistency of the basic principles of word-making, word-making and sentence-making, that is, the isomorphic relationship between word-making and grammar, and the metaphorical thinking embodied in the process of generating Chinese language units. That is to say, the formation of unknown diachronic form and the operating mechanism of A as B are known, and we call it the generating mechanism of "according to meaning configuration". This paper is divided into five parts: the first part is an overview, mainly including the research overview of word-based theory and motivation carrier. The second part is a reinterpretation of the concept of "language" in structural linguistics, focusing on Saussure's views on language and writing. The third part is the combination rule of motivation carrier and its properties, which further reveals the nature of motivation carrier and its influence on Chinese grammar. Part 4th is an analysis of the isomorphic relationship between Chinese character method and Chinese grammar. It includes the relationship between Chinese character construction and Chinese word formation, and the relationship between word formation and syntax. Part 5th is the conclusion.
【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H146

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