“左X1右X2”格式的多角度研究

发布时间：2018-09-19 14:51

【摘要】：“左X1右X2”格式是现代汉语中既常见又特殊的语法结构,但学界对其研究尚不深入。本文选取此格式进行专题考察,其目的是对“左Xl右X2”格式在共时平面上进行详细描写,并以“三个平面”语法理论为指导,运用认知语法、构式语法等理论对此类格式的相关现象加以解释。全文除绪论和结语以外,共分为五章：第一章和第二章详细考察了当“X1”和“X2”为动词和名词时的情况,即“左V1右V2”、“左N1右N2”的内部构成、语法意义和句法功能。深入考察N1和N2、V1和V2的关系,该格式对于N和V的选择限制,并根据“左”、“右”与不同的N或者V的搭配情况,归纳出当“X”为动词时,根据“V”的[±方向义]进行分类,将“左V1右V2”格式的语法意义分为“动作的持续”和“动作的反复”。当“X”为名词时,“左V1右V2”格式为“周围所有的N”和“关系相近”等语法意义。第三章和第四章分别考察了当“X1”和“X2”为短语时的情况,短语包括“数量短语”和“否定式短语”,即“左一L1,右一L2”、“左V不C,右V不C”及“左也不是,右也不是”的内部构成、语法意义和句法功能。在将“L”进行“动量词”和“名量词”分类的基础上,认为“左一L1,右一L2”的语法意义分别为“次数多”和“数量多”。“左V不C,右V不C”格式的语法意义为“怎么做都不能如愿”,“左也不是,右也不是”格式的语法意义为“这样也不行,那样也不行”。整个“左X1右X2”格式有“增量”的性质和特征。第五章将“左X1右X2”格式与“东X1西X2”、“前X1后X2”在V的选择、组合能力和语法意义三个方面进行对比分析,进而了解“左X1右X2”格式在方位词待嵌格式中的地位以及自身所具有的特殊性。
[Abstract]:"left X 1 right X 2" is a common and special grammatical structure in modern Chinese. The purpose of this paper is to make a detailed description of the "left Xl right X2" format on the synchronic plane, and to use cognitive grammar under the guidance of the grammar theory of "three planes". Construction grammar and other theories explain the phenomenon of this kind of format. In addition to the introduction and conclusion, the full text is divided into five chapters: chapter one and chapter two make a detailed study of the internal composition of "left V1 right V2" and "left N1 right N2" when "X1" and "X2" are verbs and nouns. Grammatical meaning and syntactic function. The relationship between N1 and N2V1 and V2 is studied in depth. The format limits the choice of N and V, and according to the collocation of "left" and "right" with different N or V, it is concluded that when "X" is a verb, According to the 卤directional meaning of "V", the grammatical meaning of "left V _ 1 right V _ 2" is divided into "action persistence" and "action repetition". When "X" is a noun, "left V _ 1 right V _ 2" has the grammatical meaning of "all around N" and "close relation". The third and fourth chapters examine the situation when "X1" and "X2" are phrases. The phrases include "quantitative phrase" and "negative phrase", that is, "left L1, right L2", "left V not C, right V not C" and "left neither." The right is not the internal structure, grammatical meaning, and syntactic function of "." On the basis of classifying "variable quantifier" and "noun classifier" into "L", it is considered that the grammatical meanings of "left-L _ 1" and "right _ L _ 2" are respectively "more times" and "quantity more". The grammatical meaning of "left V is not C, right V is not C" is "you can't do what you want", "left is not, right is not" the grammatical meaning of the format is "not in this way, not in that way". The whole "left X 1 right X 2" format has the properties and characteristics of "increment". In the fifth chapter, the "left X1 right X2" format is compared with "East X1 West X2" and "pre-X1 after X2" in three aspects: choice of V, combination ability and grammatical meaning. Then we understand the position of "left X _ 1 right X _ 2" format in the format of azimuth words to be embedded and its own particularity.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H146

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