贵州茅台酒文化全球对比分析及世界遗产价值

发布时间：2018-01-09 22:26

本文关键词：贵州茅台酒文化全球对比分析及世界遗产价值　出处：《贵州师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：贵州茅台酒是世界三大蒸馏名酒之一,作为中国的国酒、文化酒,品质已被中外科学家和广大消费者认同,现已誉满全球。文化遗产储存着大量信息,从中可以看到一个国家的文明历史进程。正确认识茅台酒的文化遗产价值是科学保护、合理利用和申请世界文化遗产的前提。运用文献资料分析,现场调研,室内分析,地理比较法等综合分析茅台酒文化的独特性,将茅台酒文化遗产置于全球视角进行对比研究,揭示其全球显著价值。对比地选择主要以酒文化列入名录的世界文化遗产地,有酒文化特征的世界文化遗产预备清单。从茅台酒文化地特征、全球对比、遗产价值和保护管理方面得出以下结论与讨论:(1)离开茅台镇生产不出同样的茅台酒,主要是其产地的自然地理环境有三大特性:一是茅台镇独特的地质结构;二是优良的赤水河水质;三是冬暖夏热,风微雨少的独特气候特征适宜微生物繁殖。综合的地理环境因子决定茅台酒酿造环境是无法迁移和复制的。贵州茅台酒文化遗产包含酿酒工业遗址群、盐运码头、独特的酿酒工艺、红色文化、独一无二适宜酿酒的生产环境、国酒历史文化博物馆等,是传统人民利用特殊的地理环境和土地酿造白酒的典型,可作为人类使用地的杰出范例以及悠久酿酒历史的特殊见证。(2)在16处世界酒文化遗产地中和7处酒文化遗产提名地中,选取7处与茅台酒文化遗产地进行对比,通过对比,发现这些酒在文化遗产构成要素、酒生产环境及文化内涵上都有很大不同。在中国白酒行业之林中,只有茅台酒是唯一集绿色食品、有机食品和原产地域保护于一体的珍品,具有丰富的文化价值。(3)茅台酒是当地人们依托冬暖夏热,风微雨少的气候条件,以及地质、地形、土壤、水文、生物等因子的综合体造就而成,这个综合体是无法迁移和复制的茅台酒文化遗产地是人与自然融合的典型特征,可以按照文化景观类进行世界遗产申报。茅台酒文化景观所包含的多种关联酒文化,使其无论在国内还是国外都有突出的普遍价值和唯一性,可以世界遗产第iii、v条标准提名列入世界文化遗产。(4)特殊人文环境、不可复制的微生物系统、无法迁移的气候环境、原产地保护、地理标志等与茅台酒有关的标签,多处已被列入国家重点文物保护区,是构成茅台文化景观遗产的重要特殊资源。然而在现代文明的侵蚀下,茅台酒文化景观遗址显得是如此脆弱,很多问题不仅仅需要当地政府的努力,还需要增强国际话语体系,得到国内,国际专家和组织在技术上的援助。
[Abstract]:Moutai wine in Guizhou is one of the three famous distilled wines in the world. As the national wine and cultural wine in China, the quality has been recognized by Chinese and foreign scientists and consumers, and has become a worldwide reputation. A large amount of information is stored in the cultural heritage. It is the premise of scientific protection, rational utilization and application of the world cultural heritage that a correct understanding of the cultural heritage value of Maotai wine can be seen in the course of civilization history of a country. Indoor analysis, geographical comparison and other comprehensive analysis of the uniqueness of Maotai wine culture, the cultural heritage of Maotai wine in the global perspective for comparative study. Reveal its global significant value. Select the world cultural heritage sites mainly listed by wine culture, and prepare list of the world cultural heritage with wine culture characteristics. From the characteristics of Maotai wine culture, the global comparison. In terms of heritage value and conservation management, the following conclusion and discussion: 1) you can't produce the same Moutai wine without Maotai. The natural geographical environment of its origin has three main characteristics: one is the unique geological structure of Maotai town; Second, excellent water quality of Chishui River; Third, warm winter and hot summer. The unique climatic characteristics of less wind and rain are suitable for microbial reproduction. The comprehensive geographical environmental factors determine that the brewing environment of Maotai wine can not be migrated and copied. The cultural heritage of Moutai wine in Guizhou includes wine-making industry sites. Salt transport wharf, unique wine making technology, red culture, unique production environment suitable for wine making, National Wine History and Culture Museum, etc., are typical of traditional people who use special geographical environment and land to brew liquor. As an outstanding example of human use and a special witness to the long history of wine making, there are 16 world wine cultural heritage sites and 7 wine cultural heritage nominees. Through the comparison of 7 places and Maotai wine cultural heritage sites, it is found that these wines are very different in the elements of cultural heritage, liquor production environment and cultural connotation, in the forest of Chinese liquor industry. Only Maotai wine is the only collection of green food organic food and native region protection in one with rich cultural value. Moutai wine is the local people rely on the warm summer wind and rain less climate conditions. And geological, topographic, soil, hydrological, biological and other factors brought up by the complex, this complex is unable to migrate and replicate the cultural heritage of Maotai is the typical characteristics of the integration of man and nature. Maotai wine cultural landscape contains a variety of related wine culture, so that it has outstanding universal value and uniqueness both at home and abroad. The World Heritage Article iiiv standard can be nominated for inclusion in the World Cultural Heritage. 4) Special human environment, non-replicable microbial system, untransferable climatic environment, and protection of origin. Geographical indications and other labels related to Maotai wine, many of which have been listed in the national key cultural heritage reserve, is an important special resource that constitutes the cultural landscape heritage of Maotai. However, under the erosion of modern civilization. The cultural landscape site of Maotai wine is so fragile that many problems need not only the efforts of the local government but also the strengthening of the international discourse system with the technical assistance of domestic and international experts and organizations.
【学位授予单位】：贵州师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TS971

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